Specifics of mythonyms containing phraseological units

Kalit so'zlar: mifologiya, mifonim, onomastika, mentalitet, leksik birlik, lingvistika, tasniflar.

Phraseological mythonyms is common in both oral language and fiction. In the process of learning, I often come across literary texts. A phraseological unit is a lexically indivisible and valuable phrase that is stable in structure and structure, acting as a separate lexical unit. Phraseology is a whole, used as a ready-made combination of words, does not lead to subsequent fragmentation, and usually does not allow its parts to be put back in place. Phraseology as an independent linguistic science has emerged relatively recently. The task of phraseology as a linguistic science involves a comprehensive study of the phraseological foundations of a particular language. Important aspects of the study of this science are: the stability of phraseological units, the semantic structure of phraseological units and phraseological units, their origin and basic functions. Translating phraseological units from language to language is a very difficult field of phraseology and requires a great deal of experience in the study of this science. Phraseology develops the principles of identifying phraseological units, methods of studying them, classification and phraseography - descriptions in dictionaries. Phraseology uses a variety of research methods, such as analyzing the value of components. Phraseology offers different classifications of phraseological structure of language depending on the characteristics of phraseological units and methods of their study. Mythological phraseological units are an integral and especially distinctive component of language, the most vivid, distinctive, unusual, "individual", culturally significant, and nationally specific, not only the features of a particular language. But it is also able to express its speakers, attitudes, thinking, mentality, national characteristics, and way of thinking. Another important feature of mythological phraseological units is that the meaning of each is not added to the meanings of the words included in it. Often mythological phraseological units do not include additional words in their structure, and the components in them cannot be rearranged. Phraseological researchers have focused on national identity. Mythological phraseological units are therefore defined by the term ‘idiom’, which means ‘specific’ in Greek. In English, they are also called “idioms”. Some linguists initially argue that mythological phraseological units cannot be translated into other languages, or to determine the origin of the phrase, linguists use historical data that reflect not only evidence of current and past languages, but also specific features of people’s lives. they also use ethnography. The researcher needs to know the morals and customs of the people, their beliefs and superstitions, as this helps to determine the origin of the mythological phraseology. Their content is phraseological. Phraseological meaning is very complex, some are denotative, as in lexemes, while others have only grammatical meaning. For example, a phraseological unit that belongs to the group of independent words: to make a flea bitter, to set fire to a bed, to drop a watermelon from its armpit; every cloud has a silver lining; denotative, if any; as a matter of fact; such as independent phraseological units perform only a grammatical function.

Here are some interpretations from different authors:

- “Mythonym is the proper name of any imaginary object of any category (hero, god in myths and legends, character, place of demons) [Warbot, Zhuravlev 1998].

- "Mythonym is the name of an imaginary object in any onomastic field, the space in myths and fairy tales, including mythoanthroponym, mythological name, mythological name, mythophytonym, mythological name, as well as theonym" .

- "Myth is the fact that naming people, animals, plants, people, geographical and cosmographic objects, various things, etc. has never happened".

These definitions are all valid opinions put forward by various scholars. As noted above, A. V. Superanskaya analyzed mythonyms in relation to the names of any people. It is impossible to disagree in this regard, because the main criterion is the choice of myths - the fact that the object or event is not real, they express the author's fiction. In addition, in The General Theory of Names, A.V. Superanskaya emphasizes that common names are closely related to nouns denoting nations and thieves, and emphasizes their important advantages in the study of onomastics.

Classification of phraseological mythonyms: Linguists have created different classifications of mythonyms, consider some of them. Let us turn to the definition of a myth from the dictionary of N. V. Podolskaya; it includes the following types of mythonyms:

1) mythoanthroponym - the unique name of man, epics and legends; for example, Ilya Muromets.

2) mythological name - the corresponding name of any geographical object; for example, the Leta River.

3) mythological name - a specific name of the animal; for example, Pegasus.

4) mythophyton - a specific name of the plant; for example, linden Matrunya.

5) legendary person - the name of the hero who takes part in fairy tales, legends, epics; for example, Serpent Gorynych.

6) theonym - the name of the god in any pantheon; for example, Artemis [Podolskaya 1978].

As you can see, this classification includes only humans or plants, the names of a single creature and geographical objects, the names of groups of creatures, and (e.g., peoples), cosmos (the specific name of a cosmic part is empty place), no bibliographies (name of any written work). It should be noted, however, that this should not lead to the conclusion that it is excluded from the notion of a myth. Since a mythonym is a specific name, general classifications of miphony are used. Mythonyms in general have a special place in this classification. We consider it expedient to apply all its clauses in the classification of mythonyms.

In addition to what I have just said that D.I. Ermolovich distinguishes fewer categories, so it can be. He explained that some of them were generalizing to each other, not suffering from it. From the above it can be concluded that he has a myth.

An analysis of the above classifications allows us to conclude that it is very difficult to create a single classification that suits all literary genres and all works. But A.V.Superanskaya’s classification seems to be the most appropriate, with some exceptions to this study being necessary because of the specific characteristics of the genre under consideration. We have defined the concept of “Mithonym related to phraseology”, considered its main functions, and also defined ideas through various classifications. In general, my myth is an incredible thing with its name, an image. Learning its meanings can be a challenge for any language. All in all, they all are associated with the customs and history of this nation.