Statistical, Ecosystems and Competitiveness Analysis of the Media and Content Industries: The Newspaper Publishing Industry

3. Transition 
to 
digital and online.......................................................................................... 53 
3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 53 
3.2 
From value chain to value network in the news industry ...................................................... 53 
3.3 
Impact of digitization and internet on business and revenue models ................................... 62 
3.4 Conclusions........................................................................................................................... 67 
4. 
Current and future competitiveness of the European news industry ........................... 69
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 69 
4.2 
Economic health; turnover, circulation and employment ...................................................... 71 
4.3 Online news .......................................................................................................................... 75 
4.4 
EU27 internal and external trade in newspapers.................................................................. 76 
4.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 79 
5. 
Policy and regulatory developments ................................................................................ 81 
5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 81 
5.2 Legislation 
and regulation ..................................................................................................... 82 
5.3 Financial measures ............................................................................................................... 84 
5.4 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 85