Task Read the following extracts from newspapers and mark by underlining or circling the cases of substitution, ellipsis and reference and give a one or two sentence analysis in the line below

Oscar Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest: 44 CECILY, If you are not, then you have certainly been deceiving us all in a very inexcusable manner. I hope you have not been leading a double life, pretending to be wicked and being ... GWENDOLEN, Then that is all quite settled, is it not?
15 GWENDOLEN: But we will not be the first to speak.
CECILY: Certainly not.

(Oscar Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest: 54)

CECILY, If you are not, then you have certainly been deceiving us all in a very inexcusable manner. I hope you have not been leading a double life, pretending to be wicked and being ... GWENDOLEN, Then that is all quite settled, is it not?
16. She argues that Bush liberated female creativity as much as punk did; it's essential reading for 21st-century girls. (The Guardian, 31 March 2010)
In 1978, Kate Bush's voice first shook the pop world, sending seismic waves of influence that are still felt today. Despite her distaste for media attention and a rather, ahem, laidback release schedule, Bush's emotionally intense and off-kilter pop continues to capture the imagination of artists.
17. But I knew my fear was irrational. Tina’s wasn’t .

(The Times, 27 March 2010)

Confessions of a sperm donor

‘The nurse handed me a plastic jar and led me to a small room. There was a TV showing a porn film...’

18. "He has already started a war once, and we can't exclude that he will do so again.

(The Independent, 1 April 2010)

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007. After his resignation, he was appointed Special Envoy of the Quartet on the Middle East, an office which he held until 2015. He currently serves as the executive chairman of the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change, established in 2016. As Labour leader, Blair advocated the "Third Way."

19. As the officers approached the car it exploded, killing two officers, injuring a third and killing a woman who was walking past, Russia's interior minister, Rashid Nurgaliyev, said.

(The Guardian, 31 March 2010)