Tax policy directorate – Bureau a
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french tax system
CHAPTER 3: RESIDENCE TAX Sufficiently furnished residential premises and their dependencies (gardens, garages, private parking spaces) are liable to residence tax (taxe d’habitation, TH). The tax is payable by any person who, on 1 January of the year of taxation, has taxable premises at their disposal, whatever their status (owner, tenant, free occupier). Residence tax is assessed on the notional rental value of residential premises resulting from valuations of developed land updated by the authorities. For residential premises used as the taxpayer's main home, compulsory relief for dependants or optional relief (general relief on the base, special relief on the base, relief for disabled people) is deducted from the notional rental value. The amount of tax is calculated by multiplying the income from the tax base by the rates voted by each beneficiary commune or public establishment for intercommunal cooperation for the year in question. Certain premises are exempt from residence tax, either by nature or on a decision of the commune. Persons of modest means as defined by law may qualify for an exemption or for automatic relief on the amount of residence tax on their main home. For taxpayers who do not qualify for exemption or automatic relief, the amount of residence tax on their main home is capped according to income under certain conditions. In zones where the annual tax on vacant residential premises is applicable, municipalities may increase by 5-60% the portion of the residence tax accruing to them from furnished accommodations not used as a primary residence. Tax relief is planned for former principal residences of individuals in retirement homes or long-term care, as well as in the case of double residence for professional reasons or for a reason that is outside the will of the taxpayer. Moreover, provided that the annual tax on vacant residential premises (taxe annuelle sur les logements vacants, TLV) does not apply on their territory, communes and public establishments for intercommunal cooperation with powers of taxation may, provided they meet certain conditions, levy residence tax on residential premises vacant for two years or more on 1 January of the year of taxation. The tax is payable by the owner of the land at 1 January of the year of taxation. The annual tax on vacant residential premises is applicable in zones in which real estate pressures are the highest. It is payable by the owner of the property at 1 January of the year of taxation for each property that has been vacant for at least one year at 1 January of the year of taxation. The rates are set at 12.5% for the first year of taxation and 25% starting from the second year of taxation. These taxes on vacant residential premises are not due in cases where the premises was occupied for more than ninety consecutive days during the previous year of taxation, or in cases where the vacancy was for reasons beyond the taxpayer's control. Residence tax yielded €22.11 billion in 2015. |
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