Tayanch so‘zlar: boshoqli don ekinlari, suv, sug‘orish rejimi, nav, gidrogel, tuproq

«Master's thesis on the topic "Study of water consumption efficiency using hydrogel in grain crops"»
Keywords: cereal crops, water, irrigation regime, cultivar, hydrogel, soil, permeability, synthetic polymer, fertility, yield, efficiency.
Significance of the research:
Today, about 20% of the water used in Uzbekistan is formed on the territory of the republic, and the remaining 80% is taken from the transboundary rivers - Amudarya and Syrdarya. The country uses an average of 44-48 billion cubic meters of water per year, and the main part of water resources, or more than 85%, is used for irrigation purposes in agriculture. This was announced by the Committee on Agrarian, Water Management and Ecology of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan in cooperation with the Ministry of Water Management at the "Water-saving" conference held on September 27, 2019 at the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers. "Problems in the widespread use of irrigation technologies and their solutions" was announced in an open lesson.
According to experts in the field, 46 billion cubic meters of water are being consumed on 3,200,000 hectares of land, and 60% of it reaches crops. 23% of the total 180,000 kilometers of irrigation networks are covered with concrete, and they have not been renewed for 30-35 years. This includes the efficient use of water, the introduction of water-saving irrigation technologies, especially drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, subsoil irrigation, using a film on the egates and using portable flexible plastic pipes, hydrogel crystal irrigation technologies. requires use.
Due to the use of resource-saving technologies in wheat cultivation, great importance is attached to obtaining a high-quality and abundant harvest. Nutrition and proper care of crops, especially in areas with a shortage of irrigation water, is of great importance for farmers to obtain a fruitful harvest. Sometimes we witness the death of plants due to lack of water. However, the emergence of a tool called hydrogel in agriculture is helping to prevent these and other problems. Unfortunately, many people do not have complete information about hydrogel and its useful properties. Hydrogel saves both time and water during irrigation. It also saves money spent on mineral fertilizers.
One of the factors that has a negative effect on the increase in grain yield in the present period is the water shortage during the growing season, and the second is the local soil and hydrogeological conditions in the irrigation of grain in most farms. is the failure to take into account the actual requirements for water during the transition phases of growth and development. A part of the fertilizers applied to the soil during grain irrigation, the toxic chemicals used against weeds and insects are leached into the groundwater and lead to the deterioration of their ecological and meliorational condition. The above-mentioned reasons require the effective use of water resources allocated to irrigated lands, the system of agrotechnological measures that do not adversely affect the ecological situation, the scientific justification and implementation of irrigation methods and procedures using hydrogel artificial polymer crystals.
PF-4947 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 "On the strategy of actions for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan" and PF-5853 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 23, 2019 "O This dissertation research serves to a certain extent the implementation of the tasks defined in the Decree "On approving the strategy of agricultural development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030" and other regulatory legal documents related to this activity.