Teaching english legal terms in english as methodical component of a spoken language

Author
Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy
Faculty of Philology Foreign language and literature

TEACHING ENGLISH LEGAL TERMS IN ENGLISH AS METHODICAL COMPONENT OF A SPOKEN LANGUAGE

Yangiboyeva Mushtariybanu Shoymardon qizi

ABSTRACT

The competence-based approach is used to discuss innovative methods for studying English legal terminology. The author supplied pertinent clarifications from a variety of jargons used by the staff in organizations where legal phrases are frequently employed after thoroughly analyzing the structural and semantic characteristics of terms, cases of their use, and translation challenges.
Keywords: methodical component, competence, legal language, international terms, intercultural view, professional necessity and sufficiency principle.

At every subsequent stage of teaching, the use of a relevant and well-rounded approach to the instruction of communicative intercultural, linguistic, as well as fundamental professional competences will indispensably assist to the improvement of English in strictly professional situations.

Nevertheless, as experience has shown, specific problems and catastrophes could arise when studying legal terminology because jurisprudence deals with complex, multifaceted, and specific concepts that are expressed by specialized terminology. This terminology is distinguished by semantic clarity and functional stability and is broken down into business, intersectoral, and general legal terms. The loss of precision and clarity in the articulation of the legislator's thought might result from the replacement of special terminology with descriptive language [6].A significant number of lexical nests, legal lexical units that were borrowed from other languages, particularly Latin and French, short and monosyllabic words, a ton of polysemantic words, and a sizeable number of specific terms that had their roots in common-literary language are what give the English legal vocabulary its distinctive character, according to Aleksandrova E.V. [1].
Legal jargon includes rather obscure and difficult-to-distinguish concepts. Legal terminology, often known as legal terminology or jurisprudential terminology, is included in socio-political terminology. Since this is a vocabulary of legislation, rule-making, and regulatory enforcement that is used in many fields of knowledge, we are interested in it within the boundaries of this article. Since its goal is to clarify law as a science and is not useful to linguistic university graduates, legal terminology is not of interest in this aspect.
Terminology encourages the development of a centralized information space for international scientific communication, claim Anisomova A.G. and Arkhipova M.A. [9]. According to Pigolkin AS, a legal term is a word or a word group that is employed in law and that is used to refer to a legal concept generally. Legal terminology is distinguished by notional monosemy and functional stability, and it has a clear and precise meaning [11]. In contemporary terminology, the issue of whether one element of speech should be the focus of study is still up for debate. According to Averbukh K.Ya., the morphologic structure of that phrase can be different.
He asserted that, despite the fact that all nonsubstantive forms of special notion representation were the end product of the transformation of starting terms, they may nevertheless be classified as terms. According to him, the presence of a stable relationship with the specific notion being signified is a need for granting terminological validity to any word [12]. As an alternative to denying verbs, adjectives, and adverbs terminological status, Zuieva A.V. suggests including verbal forms, adjectives, and adverbs into the legal terminology complex (together with substantives, which comprise the terminological system's core) [14].
One of the key prerequisites for applying legal vocabulary is systematicity and uniformity, according to Zuieva I.V.
One term must be used to denote a specific notion in a normative text in order to maintain the unity of the legal lexicon; nevertheless, different terms must be used to denote different notions [13].
Literal Communication of KFU shown that the scope of teaching legal vocabulary in English schools is constrained by such subjects as: human rights, different kinds of crimes and punishments, court cases, as well as the primary generic terms of juridical vocabulary (law, lawyer, court, crime, sentence, etc.). Legal terminology is mostly introduced through texts, sometimes in the form of snippets from well-known detective stories, in all guides. When it comes to speech activities, speaking and reading predominate. Our perspective is that teaching legal vocabulary as it is currently offered in manuals for linguistic colleges has to be improved in terms of actualization in accordance with contemporary societal requirements, as well as an expansion of the diversity of introduction strategies and reinforcement of lexis.
As a result, we provide a lexical minimum that covers the terminology that is now most relevant, including legal fields like contract law, trust law, succession law, and others. Most scientists agreed that one of the most important aspects of legal terminology is systematicity: vocabulary is fixed not only in terminological dictionaries but also in legislative acts and has a tight hierarchy. English law's several branches are less segregated and inadequately categorized.
According to A.Kh. Saidov, there are primarily two reasons for the lack of a clearly defined classification of English law into branches. First, all courts have common jurisdiction, which means they can hear a variety of cases in civil, commercial, criminal, and private law. In this situation, unified jurisdiction favors the fusion of legal disciplines. Second, English lawyers view the law as being uniform and there are no branch codes in England [21]. In a broad sense, civil and public law in English law can be divided into distinct branches. Criminal, constitutional, and international laws are typically referred to as public law, while such disciplines as commercial law, law of trusts, family law, and tort law were primarily formed on the basis of civil law. Roman law was dictated to European nations because of its special qualities of clarity, simplicity, and precision in language. The majority of Roman legal jargon has persisted to the present day and is now part of many contemporary legislation frameworks. Students should be aware that Latin legal phrases are frequently utilized in contemporary English while retaining little to no changes to their orthographic structure. During the Renaissance, when interest in Latin—not just ecclesiastical Latin, but also classical Latin—rose, several of these words—including credo, forum delicti, votum separatum, habeas corpus, memorandum, mandatum, and veto—were taken directly from the original language. Congress, the Constitution, the Legislature, the Parliament, the President, and the Representative are only a few of the ideas that have been introduced. A common Latin phrase may occasionally take on multiple meanings as it is translated into other languages. The word "legitimate" comes from the Latin adjective legalis, which also has the English words "legal," "leal," and "loyal," all of which come from Old French. Use both contemporary and classical terms in legal writing.
The prospect of a promising intercultural presentation of Latin borrowings from the so-called international lexicon, which are repeated in the languages of many peoples and linked by shared characteristics of cultural and social development, is advantageous for learning legal terminology. Because of this, the tenets and essential ideas of international law are expressed in Latin, such as res judicata ("decided matter," i.e., a precedent), lis alibi pendens ("simultaneous consideration of a civil case by courts of different states," "utendi et abutendi," etc.
In line with the bilingual orientation, the active vocabulary of the teaching tool "English in International Law" (Zueva I.V., 2011) is provided with translations into Russian of neutral, colloquial, and terminological meanings pertinent for students preparing for this direction. Idiomatic phrases stand out on their own. whereby exercises for multiple choice, replacement, correlation with the definition, and English-Russian and Russian-English translation are used to assimilate and consolidate vocabulary. In the presentation and vocabulary work, bilingualism shows national peculiarities of the lexical unit and allows for a comparison of the volumes of meaning in the two languages. Practice demonstrates that this strategy impacts vocabulary absorption from an intercultural standpoint.