Texnology and processing

Texnology and processing
Technology (Greek techne - art, skill, learning) is a system that regulates the methods of obtaining, processing and processing products in industry, construction, transport, agriculture and other fields; science dealing with the development, implementation and improvement of these methods. Each industry has its own technology: mining technology, engineering technology, construction technology, agriculture, etc.For example, the technology of construction works consists of a set of several operations: earthworks (ground leveling, excavation of pits and trenches); foundation laying; wall restoration (brick picking, panel installation); operation of anti-seismic belts and reinforced concrete columns; installation of inter-floor and roof coverings, roofing; transfer of electricity, gas and water networks; finishing works, etc.


Each operation has its own methods of execution. For example, during finishing, the wall is leveled first (beacons are installed), black plaster is applied, then clean plaster is applied, then it is whitewashed (paint is given) or wallpaper is glued. In practice, the more thoroughly the technological processes are worked out, the recommended methods are based on deep experience and a scientific approach, the higher the quality of the manufactured product (car, building or structure, etc. 6.) will be. The role and task of technology as a science is to create the most modern and effective methods of product preparation. For the development of technology in any field, there should be a uniform procedure for the development of technological documents, typical technological processes, and the use of standardized devices and equipment.Technology consists of conditions for changing the shape, size, characteristics, and tone of materials, raw materials, or certain products used in industrial processes for product production. Technology.

The activities of production, transportation, storage, and control, which are part of the general industrial process, are also called technology. Production, service, education, etc. depending on the change of society. the concept of innovation technology is entering various fields. Current technology:
front-line technology;
waste-free technology;
production and processing technology;
divided into international standard technology.

Production of oil, gas, agricultural products and other technologies are being implemented in accordance with production requirements.Novel processing technologies have been gaining interest among food researchers due to their lower impact on the nutritional and sensory properties of the products compared to conventional thermal techniques. In this chapter, some of the most well-studied (e.g., high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, ohmic heating, microwave, and ultrasound) emerging technologies are briefly reviewed. Most of these technologies have found niche applications in the food industry, replacing or complementing conventional preservation technologies.

Then, data on commercialization, energy, and microbial safety are presented and discussed with an ultimate goal to explore strategies for their implementation in the food industry. Novel thermal and nonthermal technologies have shown clear environmental benefits by improving the overall energy efficiency of the process and reducing the use of nonrenewable resources. Lastly, studies with specific examples of the implementation of these novel processing technologies in the food industry are described, focusing on the application of high-pressure processing and pulsed electric fields to orange juice, milk, and oysters. Higher implementation costs were observed for the emerging processing technologies compared to the conventional processing technologies, which can be explained by the fact that the industrial application of these novel technologies is still under development. In the future, the costs are expected to reduce with further technological advances and their increasing implementation in the industry.