Textile industry changes and problems

TEXTILE INDUSTRY CHANGES AND PROBLEMS
The textile industry is the one of the largest industries in world in terms of output, production and employee. Mostly the textile industry is consisting of fibers, yarn, cloths, various chemicals. The raw material used in textile industry be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry. The textile manufacturing process is characterised by the high consumption of various resources like water, fuel, and variety of chemicals used in long process sequence that generates a significant amount of waste. the issues are in terms of the environment or they may be in terms of the sustainability. The main environmental problem associating with textile industry is with water and emission of the air like, notably volatile organic compounds (voc)’s and excessive noise and odour also workspace safety.so the textile industries are facing various issues.
Issues in Textile Industry:

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  High Noise level:
  

Noise has been accepted to the major threat to workers or employees in textile industry. Noise is the unwanted sound which interfere in the various functions of the textile industry. Noise is the disturbing sound irrespective of its duration and intensity. The humans are able to hear the sound up to 130 decibels. The sounds are mainly cause by machine gearings. So, there should be low noise level is required in textile industry.
The air suction and the compression are the primary reason of the noise pollution. The gearing of the machines i.e. Transmission of the motion creates the high noise level in the textile industry. In carding due higher speed of the licker in causes high noise levels. In draw frame due to high speed, drafting system, can change mechanism creates high noise. In conventional speed frame due to differential motion, building mechanism creates high noise. In weavings due to shedding motion, picking motion, beat up and extra loom attachment like pirn changing mechanism, drop box motion creates high noise level in textile industry. This are the main causes of creating high noise level in textile industry. Followings are standards for the noise level in textile industry (by M K Talukdar In Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, March June 2001, Pp: 44-49).

Sr. No	Section	Noise level (in dba)
1	Blowroom	80-83
2	Carding	84-89
3	Draw frames	84-88
4	Speed frame	82-86
5	Ringframe	86-90
6	Winding	82-86
7	Warping	80-86
8	Sizing	73-86
9	Non-auto loom	94-99
10	Auto loom	95-97

So, the effects of the noise pollution. The noise pollution has directly impact on the workers. The noise level up to 80 dba causes the physiological effect and from 90-100 dba it effects the permanent damage to person’s hearing. The workers or employees reduces the ability to concentrate. There is disturbance of sleep. Oral communication is difficult or impossible during working. Due to high noise level the blood pressure increases, heart frequency increases, and effect on metabolism. So, noise level in textile industry should be reduce. To reduce the noise level in textile industry the standards are to be followed. Some special gears are should to be used in textile industry for reducing noise level e.g. Plastic gears.

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