The Classification of Words


§ 296. Following are some types of clauses in which


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§ 296. Following are some types of clauses in which should grammemes and their synonyms are regularly used 1.
a) After expressions of subjective appraisaF(/^ is neces­
sary, important, desirable, essential, unavoidable, shameful,
disgraceful, terrible, appalling, inevitable, surprising, im­
probable, curious, ironical, etc.).
// is essential that he should approach it with an open mind. (Linklater).
It is absolutely imperative that he r e ma in ai his post. (People's World).
b) Clauses dependent on such verbs as suggest, demand,
insist, recommend, move, vote, propose, require, etc.
He suggested that collective bargaining should be made legally binding on both sides. (Daily Worker).
The second step of any experiment demanded that he p о s -sess three separate techniques. (Wilson)
c) Clauses dependent on nouns of kindred lexical mean­
ings (suggestion, demand, urging, also reason, idea, wish,
plan).
E. g. He wound it up with the suggestion that the Com­mittee should resume its work. (Daily Worker).
She was hurt by his demand that she stop visiting her sister-in-law. (Christie).
d) Adverbial clauses introduced by lest, for fear, that.
E. g. "Take steps at once lest the shooting should be
resumed. (Daily Worker). She stayed away lest he t h i n k her obtrusive. (Linklater).
§ 297. The invited, wrote, were, etc. grammemes of the subjunctive mood system and all the grammemes containing
1 A more detailed description of the subjunctive mood uses can be found in И Б Хлебникова. Сослагательное наклонение в современном английском языке. Л., 1958.
180
the grammatical word -morphemes had and were (had come, were brought, etc.) may be called 'former past' subjunctive or subjunctive II grammemes.
Subjunctive II grammemes are correlated with should grammemes but in a way different from that of subjunctive I grammemes. The latter are related to should grammemes paradigmatically, as synonyms: either these or those are used in certain clauses. Subjunctive II grammemes are relat­ed to should grammemes syntagmatically; i. e. they are often used together in the same complex sentence: a 'subjunctive I Г verb in the subordinate and a should-verb in the prin­cipal clause.
E.g. If I were you I sh о и I d be more attentive. If she h a d n't interfered I should have gone too far. (Williamson).
We must only bear in mind the following: should gram­memes correlated with subjunctive II grammemes have would opposites,1 i. e. they contain the meaning of 'first person" as opposed to 'non-first person'. It would be more correct therefore to call them should-would grammemes (or, shorter, would grammemes) to distinguish from the synonyms of subjunctive I grammemes.
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