LWT - Food Science and Technology 165 (2022) 113709
Available online 28 June 2022
0023-6438/© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
nc-nd/4.0/
).
The effect of fermentation conditions (temperature, salt concentration, and
pH) with lactobacillus strains for producing Short Chain Fatty Acids
Nasrin Hadinia , Mohammad Reza Edalatian Dovom
*
, Masoud Yavarmanesh
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
A R T I C L E I N F O
Keywords:
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus fermentum
Short chain fatty acid
Bacterial stress response
A B S T R A C T
Short-Chain Fatty Acids are one of the vital metabolites generated by the fermentation of dietary fiber in the
gastrointestinal tract through bacterial fermentation and play an essential role in human health. This a study
aimed to evaluate the effects of different fermentation conditions, including temperature (30, 42
◦
C), salt con-
centrations (2, 4 and 6%), pH (4.5, 5 and 6), and their interaction effects on the production of short-chain fatty
acids (
acetic acid,
propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid) by Lactobacillus
fermentum ATCC 9338, Lactobacillus fermentum 19SH and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. Once grown
under different fermentation conditions, supernatants and pellets of fermentation media were separated, and
then SCFAs were measured using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results revealed that fatty
acid content was altered in each fermentation condition, and the highest amount after lactic acid belonged to
propionic acid. Accordingly, Lb. Fermentum 19sh, Lb. Fermentum ATCC9938, and Lb. Acidophilus ATCC4356
produced the highest
levels of isovaleric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid,
isobutyric acid,
butyric acid, and
valeric acids, respectively. The results indicated a relationship between the production of short-chain fatty acids
and the growth of bacterial strains and cell membrane characteristics.