The internet

Samarkand branch of Tashkent university of information Technologies after name of Muhammad Al- Khwarazmi


Individual work
Group:23-15


Prepared: Maxkamov Nodirbek
Checked by: Akramova M
THE INTERNET
M odern life is easy and fun. We have all the amenities. We do not need to go to the movies, because we have big TVs at home. The children have cell phones with large displays. Modern technology is useful and convenient. In my opinion, Internet is the most comfortable thing. Computers are also an important invention, but Internet is better than any other type of information. Originally, Internet was a military experiment in the USA of 60-s. But soon it became clear that everyone in the world can use it.
Everybody knows that the Internet is a global computer network, which embraces hundreds of millions of users all over the world. The Internet has already entered our ordinary life. It's hard to imagine our lives without Internet nowadays. It has become an important part of every person's life. It is clear that the accurate number of users can be counted fairly approximately, nobody knows exactly how many people use the Internet today, because there are hundreds of millions of users and their number is growing.
Nowadays, no one can deny the importance of the Internet. Sitting in front of a computer, clicking a mouse, you can shop, download many interesting films, books, read news about subject which is interesting for you, play computer games with other players, chat and send mails to your friends. Internet has drastically changed everything. Since the time of Internet appearance, many other media sources became unnecessary. You can find the information you're looking for in 5 seconds. It is very convenient for students, professionals, experts and all other people. From one side, it's great to have everything right here online, from the other side, it's a shame that people have stopped reading paper books and newspapers. Nowadays the most popular Internet service is e-mail.   Most of the people use the network only for sending and receiving e-mail messages. They can do it either they are at home or in the internet clubs or at work. With the help of the internet people from different parts of the planet can communicate with each other and share information without leaving their home. It has become easier to meet like-minded people from all over the world and become friends with them.
There are many different Internet competitions for different subjects which give students the opportunity to participate even in international competitions. Thanks to the Internet, people can quickly sell, advertise and share knowledge, idea, and personal feelings. People enter the world of virtual reality to avoid everyday problems. In spite of all the good sides that Internet has, there are some drawbacks. First of all, they are viruses, which can be very dangerous for any computer. That's why it's good to have reliable anti-virus software installed. Other minus is the violent content. There is a lot of violence and cruelty online. People are suffering from inappropriate information on the Internet, because it is very hard to control information from the Internet. Although the Internet offers us large amount of information, its reliability is dubious because many untrue news stories can be posted and cause confusions to many people. It is very difficult for us to find out what websites are reliable and what are not. Also you can get blackmail or spam. I think that the Internet becomes a way of a person life and it is very harmful for our health. Many teenagers spend a long of time sitting at the computers and spoiling their eyes. I don't mean that I am against the Internet, but it should have reasonable limits.
The Internet is a collection of global computer networks. The Internet has many possibilities. In order to get acquainted with the possibilities of the Internet, we will travel to its history.
In the 1960s, after the Caribbean conflict, the RAND CORPORATION, one of the research centers of the USA, proposed for the first time the creation of a decentralized computer network covering the entire country. The purpose of the implementation of this project was to centralize the integration of computers of military institutions, scientific and educational centers into one network. The goal was to create a system that would remain operational even in the event of a nuclear attack, even if several parts of the network were down. Such a system could be implemented only when the number of networks is large. Thus, the Internet was founded.
In 1964, the ARPANET network was created, consisting of 4 networks located in the most prestigious research institutes of the USA. The network, which was initially used for research by scientists, later became a computerized chain of selling their nonsense. But creating such a network was a huge success. In the 1970s, the network was much smaller. Now the structure of the network allows him to connect any computer he wants. Later, in 1974, the TCP/IP protocol connecting networks was created and gave impetus to the development of the network. Because it became possible to connect an optional computer to the network. In 1983, ARPANET became known as the INTERNET, and it became a very powerful system of interconnected computers and networks. The 1980s were the period of rapid growth of the INTERNET. A scheme to connect computers to a decentralized network has spread around the world, and organizers of foreign networks have agreed to connect to the US network. The worldwide coverage of the INTERNET was due to the addition of the following networks:
• EUNet - Network of UNIX Machines in Europe (1982)
EARN - Network of Educational and Research Institutions (1983)
JUNET - A network of UNIX machines in Japan (1984)
JANET - United Kingdom Academic Network (1984)
During the 1980s, NSFNET, the most prominent US enterprise, established five supercomputer centers at Princeton, Pittsburgh, Santa Barbara University of California, and Cornell University. These five centers are called "Internet Backbone" in the USA. NSFNET caused a 56 kb/s increase. In 1987, the number of computers connected to the Internet was 10,000, and in 1989, it reached 100,000.
The 90s were the period when service networks were organized on the Internet. In 1990, Bill Heelan, Elan Emtij and Peter Deitch developed Archie. In 1991, the NSFNET network was improved and the transfer speed reached 44,736 Mbytes/s. In the same year, Brewster Kaale created the WAIS program, and the Gopher program was created by Paul Lindner and Mark McKale at the University of Minnesota. After these events, the Veronica system, created at Nevada State University in 1992, was launched. Therefore, in 1992, the number of computers in the network exceeded one million.
The main development of the Internet in the 1990s was the creation of the World Wide Web. In November 1990, Tim Burns-Lee of the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) created the first copy of the WWW, but it was not launched until 1992. In February 1993, NCSA (National Center for Supercomputer Applications) created an alpha version of Mosaic. In September 1993, the first working version of Mosaic was developed, and the information flow made 1% of the WWW. In October 1993, 200 WWW servers were launched. In the following years, the development of the Internet and the WWW became more rapid. The WWW server and most of the computers on the network are located in the United States.