The ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan samarkand state institute of foreign languages course paper theme pecularities of independent learning in different levels scientific adviser

1.2 The role of independent learning in different levels
Independent learning has played a vital role in the progress of individuals throughout history. The concept of independent learning is based on the idea of self-directed learning where individuals take responsibility for their own learning and development. Independent learning can be applied in different levels, including primary, secondary, and tertiary education. In this essay, we will explore the role of independent learning in different educational levels and its benefits[6,23].
Independent learning in Primary Education.
Independent learning is especially crucial in primary education as it is the foundation of a child's education. Primary education provides opportunities for the development of personal and social skills that are fundamental for learning. Independent learning promotes self-regulation, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities in young children. Independent learning enhances a child's motivation and self-esteem and instills a thirst for knowledge in them.
Independent learning is encouraged in primary schools through various activities such as play-based learning, group work, individual research, and project-based learning. In play-based learning, children learn through exploration and discovery, and they take ownership of their learning by choosing activities that interest them. In group work, children collaborate with peers to complete tasks, and they learn to communicate effectively, share ideas, and work towards a common goal[6,32].
Individual research is also encouraged in primary schools through tasks such as reading books, researching information online, and conducting experiments. Project-based learning involves students working on a project independently or in groups, and they apply their knowledge and skills to create something that showcases their learning. These activities provide children with the opportunity to cultivate their independence while still learning from their teachers.
Independent learning in Secondary Education:
As students progress into secondary education, independent learning becomes more critical, and it plays a vital role in their academic success. Independent learning helps students to develop the skills required for higher education and the workplace, such as time management, research skills, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities. It also helps them to develop self-motivation, self-discipline, and self-confidence.
Independent learning is encouraged in secondary schools through various activities such as essay writing, research projects, and group work. Essay writing tasks require students to conduct research and write an analytical piece of work, which develops their research and writing skills. Research projects involve students working independently or in groups to research a topic and present their findings. Group work helps students to develop teamwork skills, communication skills, and leadership abilities.
Independent learning is also facilitated by the use of technology in secondary schools. With the support of online resources and e-learning platforms, students can access a vast range of materials and resources available to them. These platforms support independent learning and encourage students to take ownership of their learning.
Independent learning in Tertiary Education:
Independent learning is an essential aspect of tertiary education, and it is an essential aspect in preparing for the workplace. Tertiary education requires students to be self-motivated, independent, and develop specific academic and professional skills. Independent learning in tertiary education requires students to take ownership of their learning, seek out information, and learn how to apply knowledge to real-world situations effectively.
Independent learning in tertiary education involves the development of research skills, critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills. These skills are essential for students to succeed in assignments, projects, and exams. Independent learning in tertiary education is facilitated by the use of tech nology, such as online libraries and e-learning platforms.
Independent learning plays a fundamental role in education at all levels. Independent learning is essential for the development of academic and professional skills and is crucial in preparing students for higher education and the workplace. Independent learning promotes self-regulation, critical thinking, and problem-solving, and it cultivates lifelong learning habits. Independent learning helps students to develop self-motivation and self-discipline and instills a thirst for knowledge in them. Therefore, it is essential to facilitate independent learning opportunities in educational settings[7,15].
By encouraging independent learning outside of the classroom, students must be creative in order to evaluate how well they have achieved their skills. Free learning is considered as a proper strategy for understudies, and the understudy ought to know that the growing experience in advanced education is not the same as that of in secondary school. In contrast to schools, where students still rely on their teachers, college students are expected to take a significant amount of responsibility for their own education. According to Appleby, the most frequently cited difference between high school and college learning is responsibility. 12 Independent learning is also referred to as the following: self-directed learning, independent study, and self-regulated learning are all examples of autonomous learning. All of these terms are used to describe the idea that students are involved in their own learning. Although the idea of independent learning is not new, many students are still unaware of its application. Independent learning is presented as a valuable activity that is expected to occur at university.
Learning activities that are carried out by students with freedom to choose and manage their own learning materials, time, location, and access to a wide range of required learning resources are known as independent learning. Students have a sense of high responsibility in relationships and use learning resources skillfully because of the expected freedom. Independent learning, as defined by Dickinson and Broad, is a behavior or set of behaviors in which the learner takes "active" responsibility for the learning process. Students are given the opportunity and resources to build their own knowledge through independent learning, which enables them to acquire a comprehensive understanding and ultimately contributes to an increase in student quality[7,21].
The terms "personalization," "student-centered learning," and "ownership of learning" are frequently associated with "Independent Learning." The roles and relationships between students and teachers, as well as the role of information and communications technology in education, frequently come up in discussions of independent learning.
In order to provide a comprehensive picture of independent learning and its potential effects on students, the purpose of this literature review was to identify research that was trustworthy, robust, and pertinent. The majority of the terms used to describe independent learning reflect the concept of "self-regulated learning," according to the review. The audit featured a few proof of advantages to understudies especially as further developed inspiration and better administration of their learning. The review's authors emphasized that teachers can play a crucial role in enabling and supporting independent learning and that independent learning does not merely involve students working alone.
According to the review, a variety of internal and external factors are necessary for successful independent learning. The development of an "enabling environment," in which ICT can play a significant role, and the development of a strong relationship between teachers and students are examples of external factors. Interior variables are the abilities that singular understudies need to secure. These include cognitive skills like focusing one's attention and memory, problem-solving, and metacognitive skills like knowing how learning works, as well as affective skills like dealing with feelings and emotions.
Differentiated instruction and individualized learning are closely related concepts. Individualized instruction focuses more on the needs of each child, whereas differentiated instruction focuses on flexible grouping of children. In order to create an engaging and stimulating learning environment, good classrooms struck a balance between individualized learning and differentiated instruction.
It can be difficult for educators to meet the diverse needs of children. It undoubtedly takes seriously arranging and evaluation of understudy progress, however the advantages far offset the cons. Children benefit from individualized instruction because it helps them develop the skills they need to be lifelong learners in a world that is constantly changing. Individualized instruction makes use of the varying aptitude levels of children to boost morale, improve information retention, and increase children's engagement in their learning.
To build a successful individualized learning classroom, there are basically five important steps. They are:
1. Establishing goals that are specific, measurable, doable, realistic, and timely
2. Objectives ought to challenge
3. Goals are constantly being updated and evaluated. Students are responsible for their progress. Teachers work together to ensure that they are utilizing meaningful data to gain insights into how each child is progressing toward a goal. Parents are involved. We move away from lengthy whole-group lessons and toward more centers and projects that are based on inquiry. The focuses and extends praised by essential utilization of current mechanical assets permit instructors to configuration connecting with illustrations that tap into the regular interest of every kid.
Children's morale and enthusiasm for learning rise when teachers give them opportunities to approach learning in a variety of ways. This increases the number of opportunities for students to retain information[8,43].
With teacher guidance, individualized learning basically lets students learn at their own pace. They are as yet pursuing thorough and testing learning results, however they are given various ways of showing their learning.
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In addition to having great advantages for the students themselves, encouraging students to become independent learners is a cost-effective strategy for accelerating progress. Principal benefits for necessary young understudies include:
a higher level of motivation and confidence;
improvement in academic performance;
fought peer alienation and encouraged social inclusion;
More chances to complete differentiated tasks that the teacher has given them;
Expanded chances to be mentally inventive.
What steps can be taken to support independent learning?
Albeit free learning is an unmistakable and self-controlled growing experience, schooling suppliers and overseers can find specific ways to assist with supporting the review propensities and learning exercises. In a classroom setting, there are a few ways to encourage independent learning:
Children must be encouraged to look for information in a variety of formats and sources, including not only written texts but also audio and visual materials.
Learners will be more likely to efficiently gather useful information if clear goals are established. encouraging children to engage in academic reading throughout the day, not just during learning time. Concentrate on time management. Strategies for managing time effectively aid in preventing distractions from wasting learning time.
The children will have the opportunity to discuss all of their difficulties, knowledge gaps, and procedures that they found helpful during the pre- and post-learning conversations. providing tools for learning across a wide range of subjects. How can video reflections assist in independent learning? Graphic organizers can assist in the development of independent learning skills.
During classroom physical activity, it can be difficult for teachers to encourage the development of independent learners. According to Professor John Hattie, teachers only hear and see 20% of what happens in a lesson, making it hard for them to know exactly what needs to change and how to help their students better. Through video an example and afterward considering it, educators may successfully distinguish the contribution level of obligatory young understudies in scholarly examinations, it might permit instructors to break down - addresses and perceive regions that need improvement. Instruction suppliers might utilize Video reflections to further develop their showing abilities, which then, at that point, assist them with creating autonomous students and in the long run upgrade understudies' learning results.
Maintaining a balance between when teachers should offer assistance and when they must leave the student to try to solve the problem on their own can be difficult while encouraging a student to learn with more autonomy. Helping a doctoral student who has been stuck on a problem for some time, for instance, is perfectly acceptable. The doctoral student will follow the teacher's reasoning and explanation for a particular task and learn how to find the right answer the next time.
Teachers' concerns during the pandemic include ensuring that students complete their assignments during "self-study" time without teacher supervision. Students who acquire a sense of independence are better able to succeed both in traditional classroom settings and online. The transition to distance education has been more beneficial to students who are independent learners. In short, developing the ability to learn on one's own is a crucial skill because it encourages intellectual curiosity and creativity. Instead of being passive, students should be active. Independent learners take responsibility for their own learning rather than waiting for instructions. For students with various learning styles and cognitive levels, this naturally fosters flexibility. Additionally, it enables students to concentrate on the entire learning process rather than just one skill at a time