The notion of stylistic devices from the position of

ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES 
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 6 | 2021 
ISSN: 2181-1385 
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-6-1100-1106 
Academic Research, Uzbekistan 1102
www.ares.uz
 
sciences such as cognitive linguistics and stylistics, new terms and notions 
came to existence. These new notions changed the traditional view on 
metaphor. One of the new terms in Cognitive Linguistics is called 
“Cognitive Metaphor”. It was emerged at the beginning of the eighties. 
George Lacoff and Mark Johnson wrote the book “Metaphors we live by” 
in which the theory of Conceptual Metaphor was first introduced. 
According to this framework, metaphor is identified as not only a stylistic 
device but also as a cognitive model, mechanism of cognition and a way of 
thinking. Special attention of Lacoff and Johnson to cognitive metaphor 
gave inspiration to other scholars to study and develop this theory. It is 
worth mentioning the names of such famous scholars as E. S. Kubryakova, 
Mc. Cormack, Reddy, Turner, A. Richards, Gibbs, M. Black and many 
others. Lacoff and Johnson state that metaphor operates at the level of 
thinking as “our conceptual system is largely metaphorical and our 
ordinary conceptual systems, in terms of which we both think and act, is 
fundamentally metaphorical in nature” (Lacoff, Johnson, 1980:3). D. U. 
Ashurova takes the view that Cognitive Metaphor is one of the 
fundamental processes of human cognition, a specific way of 
conceptualizing reality based on the mental process of analogy and 
knowledge transfer from one conceptual field into another (2016). 
Cognitive metaphors help us to perceive the world to conceptualize the 
information. According to Lacoff, (1993) conceptual metaphors reveal 
habitual way of thinking in which people metaphorically construe abstract 
concepts (time, emotion, feeling in terms of more concrete concepts). 
There distinguished two kinds of domains in conceptual metaphor theory: 
the target domain and source domain. The Target domain is considered to 
be more abstract than the source. The Source domain is more concrete and 
describes the target domain making understanding easier. Kovecses (2002: 
20) maintains that “target domains are abstract, diffuse, and lack clear 
delineation; as a result they “cry out” for metaphorical conceptualization”.