The social criticism in george orwell'S 1984

totalitarian government, they believe that the Party is more developed and better 
than the previous government. 

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34 
We are different from all the oligarchies of the past in that we know what 
we are doing. All the others, even those who resembled ourselves, we 
cowards and hypocrites. The German Nazis and the Russian Communists 
came very close to us in their methods, but they never had the courage to 
recognize their own motives (Orwell, 1961:263). 
Later, in the twentieth century, there were the totalitarians, as they were 
called; there were the German Nazis and the Russian Communists. The 
Russians persecuted heresy more cruelly than the Inquisition had done. And 
they imagined that they had learned from the mistakes of the past; they 
knew, at any rate, that one must not make martyrs(Orwell, 1961:254). 
But, in fact of the difference between the Party, government system and the 
German Nazis and the Russian Communists are lying only in the way, the system 
and its name. But the purpose and mastery of the upright truth are same: the truth 
of his leadership. 
It was only after a decade of national wars, civil wars, revolution and 
counter-revolution in all parts of the world that Ingsoc and its rivals 
emerged as fully worked-out political theories. But they had been 
foreshadowed by the various system, generally called totalitarian, which had 
appeared earlier in the century, and the main outlines of the world which 
would emerge from the prevailing chaos had long been obvious (Orwell, 
1961:205). 
All three countries don‘t not defeat each other and take control of each 
other, let alone mix together. There would be wars from all three of Oceania with 
Eastasia and Oceania with Eurasia. Warfare will not be badly caused by various 
reasons, but the war itself does not add to the third region of the country. 
It follows that the three superstates not only cannot conquer one another, but 
would gain no advantage by doing so. On the contrary, so long as they 
remain in conflict, they prop one another up, like three sheaves of 
corn(Orwell, 1961:197). 
The war is waged by each ruling group against its own subjects, and the 
object of the war is not to make or prevent conquests of territory, but to 

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35 
keep the structure of society intact. The very word ―war,‖ therefore, has 
become misleading (Orwell, 1961:199). 
The social conditions themselvesnever changed in the system of the social 
order; either in the days of the war or after the war remained the same to this day 
in Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. There are only 3 types of community classes: 
High, Middle, and Low. Each class has its own goals, but in running a state 
government only low class alone that never shifted into Middle class or become 
High class. 
Throughout recorded time, and probably since the end of the Neolithic Age, 
there have been three kinds of people in the world, the High, the Middle, 
and the Low(Orwell, 1961:201). 
The aim of the Middle is to change places with the High. The aim of the 
Low, when they have an aim —for it is an abiding characteristic of the Low 
that they are too much crushed by drudgery to be more than intermittently 
conscious of anything outside their daily lives —is to abolish all distinctions 
and create a society in which all men shall be equal(Orwell, 1961:201). 
For long periods the High seem to be securely in power, but sooner or later 
there always comes a moment when they lose either their belief in 
themselves, or their capacity to govern efficiently, or both. They are then 
overthrown by the Middle, who enlist the Low on their side by pretending to 
them that they are fighting for liberty and justice (Orwell, 1961:202). 
As soon as they have reached their objective, the Middle thrust the Low 
back into their old position servitude, and themselves become the High. 
Presently a new Middle group splits off from one of the other groups, or 
from both of them, and the struggle begins over again. Of the three groups 
only the Low are never, even temporarily successful in achieving their 
aims(Orwell, 1961:202). 
At the apex of the pyramid comes Big Brother. Big Brother is infallible and 
all-power fuel. Every success, every achievement, every victory, every 
scientific discovery, all knowledge, all wisdom, all happiness, all virtue, are 
held to issue directly from his leadership and inspiration(Orwell, 1961:208). 

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36 
In the early nineteenth century, a socialism theory emerged in Oceania; the 
aim of socialism was established liberty and equality. 
Socialism, a theory which appeared in the early nineteenth century and was 
the last link in a chain of thought stretching back to the slave rebellions of 
antiquity, was still deeply infected by the Utopianism of past ages. But in 
each variant of Socialism that appeared from about 1900 onwards the aim of 
establishing liberty and equality was more and more openly abandoned 
(Orwell, 1961:203). 
However, in contrast to the current Socialist movement of Ingsocis the Party 
in Oceania, the uneven economy is a statute of the Party. 
Ingsoc, which grew out of the earlier Socialist movement and inherited its 
phraseology, has in fact carried out the main item in the Socialist program, 
with the result, foreseen and intended beforehand, that economic inequality 
has been made permanent (Orwell, 1961:206). 
Oceania prohibited the use of Oldspeak language in every newspaper, 
books, magazines and writings in circulation. Oceania creates a new language 
known as Newspeak, whichwas part of Ingsoc itself. 
Newspeak is Ingsoc and Ingsoc is Newspeak,‖ he added with a sort of 
mystical satisfaction(Orwell, 1961:52). 
Besides, Ingsoc and Newspeak, Doublethink is also known in Oceania. 
Doublethink is also part of Ingsoc, which played an important role in the Oceania 
government. One must be being able to think twice to survive the bondage of the