The social criticism in george orwell'S 1984

 
 
 
 
 
Based on the those previous studies above, the writer finds that Ariffuddin 
and Pribadi thesis are same object with her (1984 novel), but in this case, the 
writer would like to observe the kinds of totalitarianism and the impact of 
totalitarian to the society. Differences with Tenrioji‘s thesis, the different shows 
from objects. But, although the objects are not same, the writer uses Thenrioji‘s 
thesis to support her research in critical aspect. 
 
 
 
 
 
2.2 Stuctural Approach 
Structural approach in analyzing literary work should be concerned with the 
intrinsic elements and ignore the extrinsic elements (Wellek and Warren, 
1994:24). It is mean that the structural approach focuses in intrisic elements. The 
intrinsic elements finds in literary work it self. In this case, the literary work is 
1984 novel by George Orwell. That‘s statement related with Sumardjo (1991: 54) 
says that structure of literary works there are two namely shape and content. 
Struktur karya sastra ada dua yaitu bentuk dan isi. Bentuk yaitu bagaimana 
pengarang menulis karya sastranya, sedangkan isi yaitu bagaimana 
pengarang mengekspresikan apa yang ada dalam pikirannya lalu dituangkan 
ke dalam karya sastra yang dibuatnya. Struktur karya sastra (fiksi) terdiri 
atas unsur unsur alur, penokohan, tema, latar dan amanat sebagai unsur yang 
paling menunjang dan paling dominan dalam membangun karya sastra 
(fiksi). 
In Wellek and Waren (1994: 24) said that there are various elements in 
structural Approach such as character, plot, setting and theme. 

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a. Character 
The important element in literary works is character. The character finds in 
literary work text such as novel, drama or even poems. The character can be 
human, or even animal. But, in this thesis, the writer discuss novel. In novel, there 
are two kinds of character such as major characteter and minor character. In 
literary work the both of kinds characters above contain fourthings such as 
actions, phsical atributes, respon to other characters and character interaction to 
each other. Diyanmi (2004: 248) said below: 
Character has sense of identity and personality that are derived essentially 
from four things, such as their actions- what they do-, their words- what 
they said and how they said said it-, their phsical atributes- what they look 
like-, and their response of other characters to them- what other say or do to 
or about them. 
b. Plot 
Plot is a set of the event sequences formed to produce a story. As Foster in 
Tuloli (2000: 19) There are five stages of plot, 
a typical plot structure includes the 
following: 
1. Exposition. In the beginning of the story, the author introduces the 
setting, main characters, and conflict. As well, the author introduces the 
inciting incident. This is an event that causes the story to progress.
2. Rising Action. This is the part of in which the protagonist faces conflict 
and setbacks as he/she attempts to achieve his goal or purpose. It occurs 
after the exposition. 
3. Climax. It is the high point and turning point in the story. The climax can 
be a confrontation between the protagonist and antagonist; the end of an 

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era, conflict or war; the discovery of truth; a change or reversal of 
fortune. It occurs after the rising action. 
4. Falling Action. In the falling action, the sense that the loose ends are 
being tied up. However, it is often the time of greatest overall tension in 
the play, because it is the phase in which everything goest most wrong. 
5. Denouncement or Resolution. In this part of the story, the author ties up 
loose ends by explaining any unanswered questions in the story. It occurs 
after the climax or final dramatic event. 
c. Setting 
Setting is the place, time, atmosphere or mood, and the social condition 
where the event of a storytake place.
Setting usually describes the geographical 
site in the story, the time that the author uses are morning, day, afternoon, and 
evening or night, and the atmosphere that happen in the story. 
Setting fulfills most of the core aspect of a story because without a place is 
no story and without a setting, characters are simply in a vacuum with no reason 
to act, for instance, the characters cannot do anything without the setting. As 
Nurgiyanto (2009: 233) states ―Social setting describe the social behavior of 
society in a place in fiction. It also related to the manner, tradition, faith, point of 
view, the way of thinking and attitude.
d. Theme 
Stanton (1965:88) explained that theme is the meaning that contained in a 
story. Authors use dialogue of character, their ways of thinking, feeling, events, 
and setting to clarify the theme. Theme is idea of a story. At the time author writes 

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a story, he does not only want to tell a story, but also want to say something to his 
readers. 
The writer can say that theme is the foundation in literary works. 
Usually 
theme contains elements of social, cultural, and religious differences. An author 
may deliver message and moral values through thing. 
1. Social theme 
Social theme is a theme well-related to a social condition. An author 
generally refers the story either to the social condition around or the 
interaction happened in society. 
2. Cultural theme 
Cultural theme discusses about culture existed in a society. An author a 
generally explains how the culture in a society lives.
3. Religious theme 
Religious theme is a theme well-related to god domination. An author 
usually shows varying things illogical things such as doomsday.