The State Symbols of Uzbekistan

The State Symbols of Uzbekistan

The national flag was approved by the Extraordinary 8th Session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan on November 18, 1991. The flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan consists of blue, white and green stripes, separated by two narrow red stripes. A crescent and three rows of twelve stars are situated on the left side of the upper blue stripe. The blue color symbolizes the sky and water as the principle sources of life.

The National flag of Amir Timur was also blue in color. The white stripe is the traditional symbol of peace and of moral and spiritual purity. The green stripe symbolizes nature, the new epoch and abundance in the countries where the majority of the population is Islamic. Besides that, this is in harmony with the modern movement of Greenpeace, which protects nature.
The red separating stripes symbolize the current of vital energy in any living body and also connect our pure and noble thoughts with the sky and the earth. The crescent of the new moon, along with its traditional historical symbolism, is at the same time a symbol of the birth of republic's independence.
The symbolism of twelve stars is connected historically with the solar calendar year, which begins from Navruz and embodies the twelve principles laying in the foundation of state management. Emblem of Uzbekistan The state emblem of the Republic of Uzbekistan was approved by the 10th Session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan on July 2, 1992. The state emblem of the Republic of Uzbekistan actually absorbed the centuries-old experiences of the Uzbek people.
It reflects a blossoming valley and a shining sun. The right side of the valley is set off with wheat and to the left with a cotton plant garland.
The octagonal star, symbolizing the unity of the Republic, crowns the state emblem. The Law «About the State Emblem of the Republic of Uzbekistan» was adopted in July 2, 1992 in the tenth session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The Historical Places of Uzbekistan

The landmarks and attractions of Uzbekistan are amazingly diverse. While best known for its splendid Silk Road cities which remain surprisingly intact, this Central Asian country also offers mountain treks, desert camping, Buddhist temples, Zoroastrian fortresses, historical museums, satisfying cuisine and a dizzying selection of eye-catching and unusual handicrafts.
Each of the ancient Uzbekistan cities of Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva have been included in the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and for good reason. Images of Great Silk Road caravans linger among the medieval architectural wonders of Samarkand’s Registan Complex, Bukhara’s Ark Fortress and Khiva’s Ichan Kala. Landmarks in Uzbekistan are dominated by towering Islamic minarets, elaborately decorated madrasahs and mausoleums of world rulers. Lesser-known but no less significant sites include Buddhist stupas in Termez, desert castles in Khorezm and petroglyphs scattered throughout the nation.
Museums of every variety are a notable Uzbekistan attraction. There are dozens to choose from, with some of the most popular being Savitsky Museum of avant-garde art in Nukus, Kokand Regional Studies Museum, Afrasiab Museum near Samarkand, Fayzulla Khodjaev House-Museum in Bukhara and Railway Museum in Tashkent.
Natural attractions in Uzbekistan can be enjoyed year-round. Downhill skiing and snowboarding at Beldersay and Amirsoy, both near Tashkent, await you in winter, while in summer eco tours promise camel rides in the Kyzylkum Desert, swimming in the mountains at Charvak Reservoir and yurt camps at Aydarkul Lake.
In autumn, experience the thrill of paragliding in the Chimgan Mountains of Tashkent Region or walk on the shrinking Aral Sea bed in remote Karakalpakstan. Springtime is perfect for day hikes from Tashkent or longer treks in the Zaamin Mountains and the Hissar Range near Denau.
Bukhara is the pearl of the East

Bukhara… Who hasn’t heard of the city museum with a history that is lost in the hoary past. Samarkand is the beauty of the earth, but Bukhara is the beauty of the spirit. In Sanskrit word, Bukhara signifies “monastery” and this city was once a big commercial center on the Great Silk Road. Bukhara, with more than 140 architectural monuments, is a “town museum” dating back to the Middle Ages. 2300 years later, ensembles like the Poi-Kalon, Kosh-madrassah, Ismail Samani mausoleum and the Kalon minaret attract a lot of attention.

This Central Asia’s holiest city has buildings spanning a thousand years of history, and a thoroughly lived-in old center that probably hasn’t changed much in two centuries. Bukhara also has many architectural monuments of remarkable beauty (about 140), which are justifiably famous and attract many tourists. Bukhara is truly historic and bears the imprint of a thousand-year old history and the significant stages of the development of Central Asian architecture. Every monument there silently keeps the secrets of a remote past. This wonderful city is many centuries of age.
Bukhara was at the crossroads of the major international trade and economic routes of the past, primarily the Great Silk Road. Extensive trade links facilitated the growth of the city itself and of the transit regions.
Bukhara deserves its name of “an abode of glory, Caaba of domination and an assembly of outstanding people”. The grace and uniqueness of ancient Bukhara is stamped on its inimitable architectural monuments.Over many centuries Bukhara has occupied a leading place among the other cities of Turkistan.
That was a time when craft, trade, building technology, sciences, literature and art were all developing. Renowned poets of the Middle Ages, Firdousi and Rudaki, the world-famous encyclopedic scientists Abu Ali ibn Sina and other outstanding people lived and worked there. Bukhara had a special place in the Muslim world.
London
What we expect to see when going to London for the first time? An old horse-drawn omnibus swaying slowly in the yellowish morning mist or high-speed city line trains? A business city with hurrying clerks or a world scientific center of the latest developments? Ancient bridges or modern skyscrapers? Prudish Londoners or a polyphonic crowd of students from all over the world? All this is in the British capital.
With the end of the colonial period, ceasing to be a "metropolis", London became a Global city - a global city, i.e. playing a key role in the economy and world order of the planet. In this status, the closest competitor for the British capital is only New York.
London is the world's center of finance and investment; the largest number of international trading companies in the world is registered in its agglomeration. The City of London is home to the main offices of major international corporations, banks and insurance companies.
The oldest and largest stock exchange in Europe, the London Stock Exchange, also operates here. Antiquity and rich historical experience does not prevent the city from being young. 400,000 students study at 40 universities in London, a quarter of them from other countries of the world.
In the middle of the twentieth century. the predominantly English population of London was heavily diluted with newcomers. Successful and developing London has always attracted wealthy foreigners and refugees from all over the world. National communities formed inside the metropolis - Arab, Kurdish, Iraqi, Chinese, Vietnamese, Brazilian, etc. By the beginning of the third millennium, up to a third of the city's population were foreigners. Today London is a cosmopolitan metropolis with dynamic areas of national diasporas.
Every year, millions of tourists come to London to see this amazing city full of tradition and bold innovation with their own eyes. The two-thousand-year history of the capital of Great Britain has fused into one whole its own and borrowed discoveries, knowledge, achievements of science and culture.

The USA

The main part of the territory of the United States is divided into eight provinces according to the features of the relief: the Appalachians, the Coastal Plains, the Interior Hills, the Interior Plains, the Lake Superior Hills, the Rocky Mountains, the Intermountain Plateaus and the Pacific Coast Mountains. Alaska and the Hawaiian Islands are also independent provinces. Only the main part of the United States is considered below. a mountainous country stretching 1,900 km from northern Maine to central Alabama. All significant mountain peaks of the East of the USA are located here, at least 20 of them exceed 1520 m and 8 - 1830 m. St. Lawrence and New England.
is a low plateau that forms a transitional zone between the high mountain ranges of the Appalachians in the west and the Coastal Plains in the east. The surface of the plateau is predominantly gently undulating, 150–300 m above sea level, but in some places low ridges and remnants and even massive granite domes rise here. The most famous Mount Stone with a relative height of more than 185 m, located near the city of Atlanta (Georgia).
the highest part of the Appalachians, stretch along the western border of Piedmont from southeastern Pennsylvania to northern Georgia. These are mountain ranges and massifs with densely forested slopes and treeless peaks. The easternmost ridge, the Blue Ridge Front, or Blue Ridge Scarp, rises steeply above Piedmont's surface like a massive rock wall. The Roanoke River divides the Blue Ridge Mountains into two parts - north and south.
In the north, the width of the mountains varies from 15 to 25 km. The Blue Ridge Front is well defined here, which, together with lower ridges, is crossed by the Potomac and James Rivers, which flow into the Atlantic Ocean. In the southern part, the width of the Blue Ridge Mountains reaches 130 km. The massive ridges of the Blue Ridge Front in the west and the Great Smoky Mountains in the east stand out here.
Uzbek National Holidays
In Uzbekistan New year is celebrated two times a year. The first New year Uzbekistan people meet on European style – on January 1, and the second on eatern style – on March 21. In the country are usually days off during these holidays.
New Year is a holiday which is widely celebrated worldwide at different times in a year. By tradition in Uzbekistan, as well as in many other countries of the world, this holiday is considered as a family holiday. New year Uzbekistan people meet in a family circle at a set-out table and exchange with gifts. 
This holiday is devoted to creation of armed forces in Uzbekistan. This day in the country is not a day off. On January 14, 1992 the parliament of Uzbekistan made a decision on transition of all parts and connections, military educational institutions and other military formations deployed in the territory of the country, under jurisdiction of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
In Uzbekistan, as well as in many other countries of the world, on March 8 is celebrated International Women’s Day. This day in the country is day off. March 8 is a holiday of tenderness and feminity. Men on International Women’s Day tell warm words to the grandmothers, mothers, wives, daughters, girlfriends.
The Victory Day in Uzbekistan is called «Day of Memory and Honor». On this holiday salute heroes who throughout time selflessly protected the Homeland, that having defended independence and peace life of the compatriots. Also this day is devoted to those who didn’t regret lives for the sake and benefits of the homeland. This holiday is very important for the senior generation who with a grief and pleasure in soul remember Victory Day. In the book of memory are immortalized names of 450 thousand heroes of Uzbekistan who didn`t not come back. It consists of 34 volumes. 
The constitution is an organic law of a state. On December, 8th, 1992 at 11th session of the Supreme body of Republic Uzbekistan was unanimously accepted the Organic law of the country — the Constitution of Uzbekistan.
American Holidays

Holidays Observed in the USA

In a strict sense, there are no national holidays in the United States. Each of the 50 states has jurisdiction over its own holidays.
The federal government has proclaimed the following 10 dates as holidays for federal government employees, and most states observe these holidays on the same dates (commonly called "legal holidays" or "public holidays").
All government offices, post offices, banks, and many private businesses are closed
Federal Holidays
New Year's Day: January 1 ,Martin Luther King Day: 3rd Monday in January
President's Day: 3rd Monday in February ,Memorial Day: last Monday in May
Ind ,ependence Day: July 4Labor Day: first Monday in September ,Columbus Day: second Monday in October ,Veterans Day: November 11 ,Thanksgiving Day: 4th Thursday in November ,Christmas Day: December 25 ,American "Food Holidays"
Native plants combine with the ethnic diversity of the United States to make an extensive (and delicious) array of unique American foods, and many states officially recognize food symbols. Just for fun, we present the following list of "National Food Holidays" (usually originating from and promoted by industry groups, clubs, and health organizations). African Heritage & Health Week : February 1-7
April Fool's Day: April 1 Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May
Chinese New Year: winter, date varies ,Cinco de Mayo: May 5 ,Easter: Spring Sunday, date varies ,Father's Day: June, third Sunday ,Flag Day: June 14 ,Groundhog Day: February 2 ,Halloween: October 31 ,Kwanzaa: December 26 - January 1
Leif Erikson Day - October 9, Mardi Gras and Ash Wednesday late winter, date varies ,Mother's Day: May; second Sunday ,Native American Heritage Day - the day following Thanksgiving