The Voice of Lata Mangeshkar By Rachna Reddy
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The Voice of Lata Mangeshkar By Rachna Reddy When I hear the song, I see the back of my parents’ heads, the hair on them black and sleek. It is dark outside, I am small, and we are on a car ride. My father’s voice whirs like the sitar. My mother cannot understand rhythms or sing. She taps her fingers asynchronously; her head sways girlishly at the neck. And out the speaker, crackly off cassette tape, is the voice of Lata Mangeshkar. I do not speak Hindi and probably never will. I am three years old and still mastering English. So the words, I invent. I hear not lyrics, but the voice of Lata Mangeshkar. “Hum tere pyaar mein saaraa aalam Kho baithhe hai, kho baithhe….” What did it mean to not know those words? “Hindi is a poetic language,” says my mother, “these songs are poems.” Lata Mangeshkar’s voice itself is a poem. Indian women sing high, shrill and piquing, like strings. Lata’s voice is tragic and strong— wavers—she pleads, she nearly prays, but like a good Indian woman, she stays. “Hum tere pyaar mein saaraa aalam kho baithhe hai, kho baithhe
I knew perhaps twenty words in Hindi, and thought bhool was bole or “speak” and jaao was jao, or “go.” “Just go, don’t speak,” I thought Lata said. I thought she told him to leave.
Lata Mangeshkar was a playback singer. Bollywood heroines, in 1942 British India when Lata was thirteen and began to sing professionally—and today—lip-sync in all their scenes. Thousands of women have had Lata Mangeshkar’s voice pass through their lips. According to the Guinness Book of World Records she had recorded 25,000 songs in 20 Indian languages by 1991, though this is probably exaggerated. Lata Mangeshkar has a big nose. It is wide down its long bridge and round and bulging at the bottom. Her eyes are small and her lips are flat. Not like Meena Kumari, whose kohled eyes are as bright as the jewelry in her nose when she sings “Hum Tere Pyar Mein,” in a black and white scene of 1963’s, Dil Ek Mandir. Meena sits on the floor, pricking a sitar, singing to a man on a bed, a powdered bindi the size of a thumbprint between her dark eyebrows. At the end of the song, she collapses and sobs. Indian actresses, like traditional brides, are in a constant state of sorrow. I recently asked my Seattle-born mother, who did not learn Hindi until she was a teenager, to translate “Hum Tere Pyar Mein” for me. “So hum is ‘me’ or ‘us,’ tere is “you” pyar is love, mein is “in” saaraa means ‘whole’—”
“Lost in love,” said my father interjects. “—aalam is ‘soul’” “I’m lost in love,” says my father “Yes, it means, ‘I lost myself in love with you,’” my mom finished.
2 “What does bhool jaao mean?” I asked her.
“ Bhool jaao means forget.” “Why does she say, ‘forget’?” “She says, ‘I lost my whole soul in love with you, you told me to forget everything. How can I forget? You are telling me to forget this kind of love. How is that possible?’” (Twelve years ago, when we learned the name of my baby cousin, my mother told me “Ananya, it means infinite.” But my aunt later said, “No, Ananya is ‘unique.’ She is the only one out of many.”) I pieced together Hindi to hear Lata in other cases. One of her most famous songs was “Kabhi Kabhie Mere Dil Mein.” It was more of a love song than any one whose lyrics I could understand. Kabhi kabhi mere dil mein Khayaal aata hai. Ki jaise tujhko banaya gaya hai mere liye Sometimes, sometimes, means kabhi kabhi, my heart in (in my heart?) Tu abse pehle sitaaron mein bas rahi thi kahin Sitara—stars. Pehle is ‘first,’ or ‘before.’ Before, you were stars. Ki jaise bajti hain shehnaaiyaan si raahon mein. A shennai is an instrument that sounds at the end of a wedding In the 1976 film Kabhi Kabhie, the smooth-skinned Rakhee Gulzar sits in tragic bridal finery on a decorated marriage pandal with her new husband. He tells her he’s heard she has a beautiful voice. Would she sing to him from his favorite book of poems? Unbeknownst to him, she had fallen in love with the poet himself in mountains, before her parents arranged her marriage, and the song is about her. My parents listened to “Kabhi Kabhie Mere Dil Mein” with their college friends in Andra Pradesh. They played games where they sat in circles on the floor, tapping tablas between their knees, singing “Kabhi Kabhie” and other Lata Mangeshkar young love ballads to each other. My mother’s family had returned to India when she was 12 and she married my dad with far less decoration than Rakhee Gulzar married Shashi Kapoor in Kabhi Kabhie. In fact, the ceremony was nearly an elopement, but my father’s family agreed to attend at the last minute. From the moment their son was born, my paternal grandparents had expected to choose his bride.
When I was eight or so, my parents got to see Lata herself. Lata Mangeshkar came to Detroit for a fundraiser concert. Half the proceeds went to the inner city and the other half to charities in India.
“When she looked at the Fox Theatre,” my mother told me, “she said, ‘This is just like the Sheesh Mahal. So I’m going to sing the song ‘Pyar Kiya Tho Darna Kya.’”
Of course, Lata Mangeshkar was probably recalling a movie set, not the ancient Mughal Palace of Mirrors. Though, the actress on the 1960 movie set of Mughal-E-Azam
was not Lata Mangeshkar, but Madhubala, curvy with Hollywood-red lips, playing the Anarkali of lore: a dancer in the court of Emperor Jahangir’s father. In the old tale, Prince Jahangir and Anarkali fall in love, but 3 when the king learns of their affair, he sentences her to death. Anarkali asks to dance one last time before she dies. During this performance, Lata sings, “Pyar kiya tho darna kya/Jab pyar kiya tho darna kya,” to the king while Jahangir watches. Pyar means love. Darna is to be scared. ‘If you’re in love, why should you be scared?’ Anarkali/Lata/Madhubala asks. Jahangir does not save her. Lata Mangeshkar is eighty-one now. She still sings for the women in Bollywood, her voice unchanged. A few years ago, I watched Kabhi Khushi Kabhi Gham, which features dancers in neon pleather and songs that mix simple Hindi lyrics with awkward English ones. Lata Mangeshkar sings the titular song, “Kabhi Khushi Kabhi Gham,” (“Sometimes Happy, Sometimes Sad”) with lyrics that rhyme almost cheaply. Robbed of the old poetry, they are still rescued by her voice. That voice emanates from the lips of an aged Jaya Badhuri, who since her youth as a film damsel full of calla or ‘light,’ became wife to Amitabh Bachan, Bollywood’s biggest star. Plump cheeks, skin tight around her nose, Jaya Badhuri lip-syncs and Lata’s voice makes her a mother whose sadness sounds above the distraction of lined-up, leaping dancers and the synthetic color of their clothes. My own mother in the car opens her lips for Lata’s voice. Unlike my mother, her college friends, the Bollywood women, my cousins in India, my aunts and my grandmothers, I cannot do this. I do not know any Hindi words well enough to begin to move my mouth into their form. I cannot sing with Lata’s voice. I can only listen. I can piece together bits of comprehension, but like the voices of my grandmothers and aunts and cousins, and even my mother, I will never fully understand the voice of Lata Mangeshkar. Perhaps it is not the language, but the geography. I grew up across an ocean from India. I am only an Indian daughter to one parent and may never be an Indian wife or mother. Yet, when I hear the voice of Lata Mangeshkar, I hear some part of India in my own voice.
Acknowledgements: Thank you so much to my parents for their translations and to my workshop group; Jessica Stark, Allie Yee, Alvin Kang and Kevin Fox, I could not have revised this piece without your insight and direction. In particular, you helped me figure out what I needed to say in the ending and where my story came into the piece. I also would like to thank my professor, Joseph Harris for his comments and guidance.
Works Discussed: Dil ek Mandir. Dir. C.V. Sridhar. Perf. Meena Kumari, Rajendra Kumar, Raaj Kumar. Chitrayala Pictures, 1963. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5b3sYnlg4M
Kabhi Kabhie – Love is Life. Dir. Yash Chopra. Perf. Shashi Kapoor, Waheeda Rehman, Rakhee Gulzar, Amitabh Bachan. Yash Raj Films, 1976.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKMPf737pp Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham. Dir. Karan Johar. Perf. Shah Rukh Khan, Kajol, Amitabh Bachan, Jaya Bachan. Dharma Productions, 2001. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_PVm1DtsvM
4 Mughal-E-Azam. Dir. K. Asif. Perf. Prithviraj Kapoor, Madhubala, Durga Khote. Sterling Investment Corporation, 1960. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdOS-0sIW-Y Download 30.53 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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