Theme : Canada Plan. History of Canada Population of Canada Flag of Canada Conclusion

 
Population of Canada 
Canada ranks 37th by population, comprising about 0.5% of the world's total,
[2]
with 
over 39 million Canadians as of 2022.
[3]
Being, however, the fourth-largest country 
by land area (second-largest by total area), the vast majority of the country is 
sparsely inhabited, with most of its population south of the 55th parallel north and 
just over 60 percent of Canadians live in just two provinces: Ontario and Quebec. 
Though Canada's population density is low, many regions in the south, such as 
the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor, have population densities higher than 
several European 
countries. 
Canada's largest 
population 
centres are Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa, 
with 
those six being the only ones with more than one million people. 
The large size of Canada's north, which is not at present arable, and thus cannot 
support large human populations, significantly lowers the country's carrying 
capacity. In 2021, the population density of Canada was 4.2 people per square 
kilometre.
[4]
As contrast, Russia's similar figure was 8.4 people per square kilometre. 
The historical growth of Canada's population is complex and has been influenced in 
many different ways, such as indigenous populations, expansion of territory, and 
human migration. Being a new world country, immigration has been, and remains, 
the most important factor in Canada's population growth.
[5]
The 2021 Canadian 
census counted a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent 
over the 2016 figure.
[6][7]
Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6 
million, equivalent to 20.4 percent overall growth.
[8] 
Scholars vary on the estimated size of the 
indigenous population
in 
what is now 
Canada
prior to colonization and on the effects of 
European contact
.
[22]
During the 
late 15th century is estimated to have been between 200,000
[23]
and two 
million,
[24]
with a figure of 500,000 currently accepted by Canada's Royal 
Commission on Aboriginal Health.
[25]
Although not without conflict, 
European 
Canadians
' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively 
peaceful.
[26]
However repeated outbreaks of European 
infectious diseases
such 
as 
influenza
, 
measles
and 
smallpox
(to 
which 
they 
had 
no 
natural 
immunity),
[27]
combined with other effects of European contact, resulted in a twenty-

---

five percent to eighty percent indigenous population decrease post-
contact.
[23]
Roland G Robertson suggests that during the late 1630s, smallpox killed 
over half of the 
Wyandot (Huron)
, who controlled most of the early 
North American 
fur trade
in the area of 
New France
.
[28]
In 1871 there was an enumeration of the 
indigenous population within the limits of Canada at the time, showing a total of 
only 102,358 individuals.
[9]
From 2006 to 2016, the Indigenous population has 
grown by 42.5 percent, four times the national rate.
[29]
According to the 
2011 
Canadian Census
, indigenous peoples (
First Nations
– 851,560, 
Inuit
– 59,445 
and 
Métis
– 451,795) numbered at 1,400,685, or 4.3% of the country's total 
population.
[30] 
New France