Theme: critical realism in english literature of the XIX

Conclusion
There are also critics who fault realism in the way it supposedly defines itself as a reaction to the excesses of literary genres such as romanticism and Gothic - those that focus on the exotic, sentimental, and sensational narratives.^[56] Some scholars began to call this an impulse to contradict so that in the end, the limit that it imposes on itself leads to "either the representation of verifiable and objective truth or the merely relative, some partial, subjective truth, therefore no truth at all."^[57]
There are also critics who cite the absence of a fixed definition. The argument is that there is no pure form of realism and the position that it is almost impossible to find literature that is not in fact realist, at least to some extent while, and that whenever one searches for pure realism, it vanishes.^[58] J.P. Stern countered this position when he maintained that this "looseness" or "untidiness" makes the term indispensable in common and literary discourse alike.^[53] Others also dismiss it as obvious and simple-minded while denying realistic aesthetic, branding as pretentious since it is considered mere reportage,^[59] not art, and based on naive metaphysics.
What Is Literary Realism? Definition and Examples of the Realism Genre in Literature
The realism art movement of the nineteenth century was a dramatic shift from the exotic and poetic Romanticism that dominated the art world in the decades prior. Literary realism, in particular, introduced a new way of writing and a new generation of authors whose influence can still be seen in American literature and English literature to this day.


References

1. 
   Bogomolov, A. S. Angloamerikanskaia burzhuaznaia filosofiia epokhi imperializma. Moscow, 1964. Chapter 8.
   
2. 
   Lukanov, D. M. Gnoseologiia amerikanskogo “realizma.” Moscow, 1968.
   
3. 
   Iulina, N. S. “Kontseptsiia real’nosti v amerikanskom ’kriticheskom realizme’.” Filosofskie nauki, 1958, no. 2.Hicks, G. D. Critical Realism. London, 1938.
   

1^Bogomolov, A. S. Angloamerikanskaia burzhuaznaia filosofiia epokhi imperializma. Moscow, 1964. Chapter 8.

2^Lukanov, D. M. Gnoseologiia amerikanskogo “realizma.” Moscow, 1968.

3^ Darwin, C. & Kebler, L. (1859) On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or, The preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life .

4^ Bennett, A. (2017). The Old Wives’ Tale (1908) by. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform.
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5^ Twain, M. (1897). The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade).

6^ Crane, Stephen, 1871-1900. (1996). Maggie : a girl of the streets. Champaign, Ill. :Project Gutenberg,

7^ Milton, J. (1884) Paradise Lost. [New York, J. W. Lovell company] [Image] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/12038005/.