Theoretical grammar of english

Behind him stood a horse. It happened in 2004. There: was her lover unde,
4. A noun or this/ that/every/last/next* a noun Wait a minute! Come this way, please.
5.Non-finite forms:
Gerund: I eat before going to bed.
Infinitive: I come here to make love to you.
Participle: Walking in the garden, we found a very comfortable wall.
6.Predicative complexes:
Gerundial constructions: Are you angry because of my being late? Absolute constructions: The meal over, we began drinking. (non-prepositional ) You mustn't do it with children watching, (prepositional)
7. A conjunction + adjective: I do it if necessary.
noun: As a little girl she went to the forest.
participle: When argued with, I get irritated. While doing it I got tired.
infinitive: As if to calm him down, she gave him some pills.
8. Clauses
Won 't you stay forever or at least till the rain stops? I stayed with him because he asked me. I'm very kind.


27. Difficulties in analyzing secondary parts of the s-ce.Means of their expression.
The usual classification of these parts into Objects(Ob),attributes(At),and adverbal modifiers(AdMo) is familiar to everyone,no mayyet whay gis mothe tongue may be and what foreign lng he is studying.Yet it has many weak points.The characteristic feature of each of the three types are not clearly defined,and is a mayyer of personal opinion.
The Ob –a sec.part of the sent,referring to a part of the sent. expressed by a verb,a noun,a substantival pronoun,an adj,a numeral,ao an adverb, and denoting a thing to which the action passes on,which is the result of the action,in reference to which an action is commited or a property is manifested,or denoting an action as object of another action. The first item of the definition means that Ob can refer to any part of speech.The second item enumerates certain semantic poinrs in the relation between the thing denoted by the object and the action with wcich it is connected,but it`s incomplete as it doesn`t include an object denoting the doer of the action with the predicative verb in the passive voice.(so,+one more meaning-the thing(or person) which is the origin of the action(with the predicate verb in the Pass.Voice),And still this addition will not make the 2^nd item of the definition satisfactory.The essential ? remains unanswered: what is the meaning ofthe Ob.,or,what is that which unites all those meanings into 1 category,called the Ob?
The At – a sec.part of the sent modifying a part of the sent expressed by a noun,a substatival pronoun,a cardinal numeral,any substantivuzed word,and characterizing the thing named by these words as to its quality or property.
Differences:1)the At,distinct from the Ob. cannot modify a verb,an adj.or an adverb2)the At espresses a property while the Ob expresses a thing
Commom:they both can modify a noun,a pronoun and a numeral
The AdMo - a sec.part of the sent modifying a part of the sent expressed by a verb,a verbal noun,an adj,oer an adverb,and serving to characterizi an action or a property as to its quality or intensity,or to indicate the way an action is done,the time,place,cause,purpose,condition,with which the action or manifestetion of the quality is connected.
Common with the Ob: both expressed by a verb,a verbal noun,an adj,an adverb
Common with the At: both can be expressed by a verbal noun