Theoretical models of culture shock and adaptation in international students in higher education

Psychological Monographs 80, no. 609 (whole issue).
Searle, W., and C. Ward. 1990. The prediction of psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-
cultural transition. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 14: 449–64.
Sodowsky, G.R., and B.S. Plake. 1992. A study of acculturation differences among international people
and suggestions for sensitivity of within-group differences. Journal of Counselling and Development
71: 53–9.
Stroebe, W., A. Lenkert, and K. Jonas. 1988. Familiarity may breed contempt: The impact of student
exchange on national stereotypes and attitudes. In The social psychology of intergroup relations, ed.
W. Stroebe, D. Bar-Tal and M. Hewstone, 167–87. New York: Springer.
Tajfel, H. 1981. Human groups and social categories. Cambridge: Cambridge Press.
Tajfel, H., and J. Turner. 1986. The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. In The social psychol-
ogy of intergroup relations, ed. W. Austin and S. Worchel, 7–24. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
Tanaka, T., J. Takai, T. Kohyama, T. Fujihara, and H. Minami. 1997. Effects of social networks in cross-
cultural adjustment. Japanese Psychological Research 39: 12–24.
Taylor, M. 2005. Catch ’em while you can. Education Guardian, February 8.
Ward, C., S. Bochner, and A. Furnham. 2001. The psychology of culture shock. 2nd ed. Hove: Routledge.
Ward, C., and A. Kennedy. 1992. Locus of control, mood disturbance and social difficulty during cross-
cultural transitions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 16: 175–94.
———. 1993a. Psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transitions: A compari-
son of secondary students at home and abroad. International Journal of Psychology 28: 129–47.
———. 1993b. Where’s the culture in cross-cultural transition? Comparative studies of sojourner adjust-
ment. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology 24: 221–49.
———. 1993c. Acculturation and cross-cultural adaptation of British residents in Hong Kong. Journal of
Social Psychology 133: 395–97.
———. 1994. Acculturation strategies, psychological adjustment and sociocultural competence during
cross-cultural transitions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 18: 329–43.
Ward, C., Y. Okura, A. Kennedy, and T. Kojima. 1998. The U-curve on trial: A longitudinal study of
psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transition. International Journal of
Intercultural Relations 22: 277–91.
Ward, C., and W. Searle. 1991. The impact of value discrepancies and cultural identity on psychological and
sociocultural adjustment of sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 15: 209–24.
Wells, D.C. 1907. Social Darwinism. American Journal of Sociology 12: 695–716.
Westwood, M.J., and M. Barker. 1990. Academic achievement and social adaptation among international
students: A comparison groups study of the peer-pairing program. International Journal of Intercul-
tural Relations 14: 251–63.
Zimmerman, S. 1995. Perceptions of intercultural communication competence and international student
adaptation to an American campus. Communication Education 44: 321–35.