Theoretical questions What was studied by Lee and Yannakakis?

Theoretical questions
1.What was studied by Lee and Yannakakis?
2.How is the input field determined?
3.explain random improvements.
4.Explain the Fuzz test.
5. Give a definition to a randomized test.
Test
1. In which answer is the probability that the given test will be successful?
A) 1 − θ
B) (1 - θ)^N
C) 1 − (1 - θ)^N
2. N independent tests, in which answer is the probability of passing all tests given?
A) (1 - θ)^N
B) 1 − θ
C) 1 − (1 - θ)^N
3. How to determine the probability e that at least one failure will be observed?
A) 1 − (1 - θ)^N
B) 1 − θ
C) (1 - θ)^N
4. suppose you have observed N software that has not failed. What is the probability (to 95% confidence) that it will not be executed in the future?
A) 3 / N
B) 3 / N * 0.95
C) 3 / N * 100
5. Suppose you have observed 37 software that have not failed. What is the probability (to 95% confidence) that it will not be executed in the future?
A) 3/37
B 3 / 37 * 0.95
C 3 / 37 * 100
6. The Fuzz test is a special form of randomized testing, which is especially popular for trying to highlight ... flaws. Determine which word is correct instead of dots?
A) safety
B) reliability
C) system
7. What is the opposite test to the Black-box test?
A) White-box
B) Green-box
C) Orange-box
8. What is the opposite test to the White-box test?
A) Black-box
B) Green-box
C) Red-box
9. Sufficiency is...?
A) it is a term referring to the ability of a test set to compensate for the behavior of a system (and thus its ability to expose potential failures).
(B) related to test systems where handwritten source code and runtime dynamics can be observed.
C) in the absence of any important information about what to expect from the system, a randomized test can offer a useful basis for creating useful tests
10. The test is - …?
A) a process that includes several components
B) system development process
C) identify errors in this system