Think Python How to Think Like a Computer Scientist
Chapter 17. Classes and methods
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Chapter 17. Classes and methods color is an RGB tuple; that is, the elements are Red-Green-Blue levels between 0.0 and 1.0 (see wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_model ). If you run this code, you should see a window with a black background and a blue sphere. If you drag the middle button up and down, you can zoom in and out. You can also rotate the scene by dragging the right button, but with only one sphere in the world, it is hard to tell the difference. The following loop creates a cube of spheres: t = range(0, 256, 51) for x in t: for y in t: for z in t: pos = x, y, z sphere(pos=pos, radius=10, color=color) 1. Put this code in a script and make sure it works for you. 2. Modify the program so that each sphere in the cube has the color that corresponds to its position in RGB space. Notice that the coordinates are in the range 0–255, but the RGB tuples are in the range 0.0–1.0. 3. Download thinkpython.com/code/color_list.py and use the function read_colors to generate a list of the available colors on your system, their names and RGB values. For each named color draw a sphere in the position that corresponds to its RGB values. You can see my solution at thinkpython.com/code/color_space.py. Chapter 18 Inheritance In this chapter we will develop classes to represent playing cards, decks of cards, and poker hands. If you don’t play poker, you can read about it at wikipedia.org/wiki/Poker, but you don’t have to; I’ll tell you what you need to know for the exercises. If you are not familiar with Anglo-American playing cards, you can read about them at wikipedia. org/wiki/Playing_cards . 18.1 Card objects There are fifty-two cards in a deck, each of which belongs to one of four suits and one of thirteen ranks. The suits are Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, and Clubs (in descending order in bridge). The ranks are Ace, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, and King. Depending on the game that you are playing, an Ace may be higher than King or lower than 2. If we want to define a new object to represent a playing card, it is obvious what the attributes should be: rank and suit. It is not as obvious what type the attributes should be. One possibility is to use strings containing words like 'Spade' for suits and 'Queen' for ranks. One problem with this implementation is that it would not be easy to compare cards to see which had a higher rank or suit. An alternative is to use integers to encode the ranks and suits. In this context, “encode” means that we are going to define a mapping between numbers and suits, or between numbers and ranks. This kind of encoding is not meant to be a secret (that would be “encryption”). For example, this table shows the suits and the corresponding integer codes: Spades 7→ 3 Hearts 7→ 2 Diamonds 7→ 1 Clubs 7→ 0 This code makes it easy to compare cards; because higher suits map to higher numbers, we can compare suits by comparing their codes. The mapping for ranks is fairly obvious; each of the numerical ranks maps to the corresponding integer, and for face cards: |
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