Ubuntu Server Guide
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- Maildir: sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ home_mailbox = M a i l d i r / ’ 241 Note
- SMTP Authentication
Deprecation warning: please note that the mail−stack−delivery metapackage has been dep-
recated in Focal. The package still exists for compatibility reasons, but won’t setup a working email system. Basic Configuration There are four things you should decide before starting configuration: - The accept email (we’ll use mail.example.com in our example) - The network and class range of your mail server (we’ll use 192.168.0.0/24) - The username (we’re using steve) - Type of mailbox format (mbox is default, we’ll use the alternative, Maildir) To configure postfix, run the following command: sudo dpkg−r e c o n f i g u r e p o s t f i x The user interface will be displayed. On each screen, select the following values: • Internet Site • mail.example.com • steve • mail.example.com, localhost.localdomain, localhost • No • 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 192.168.0.0/24 • 0 • + • all To set the mailbox format, you can either edit the configuration file directly, or use the postconf command. In either case, the configuration parameters will be stored in /etc/postfix/main.cf file. Later if you wish to re-configure a particular parameter, you can either run the command or change it manually in the file. To configure the mailbox format for Maildir: sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ home_mailbox = M a i l d i r / ’ 241 Note This will place new mail in /home/username/Maildir so you will need to configure your Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) to use the same path. SMTP Authentication SMTP-AUTH allows a client to identify itself through the SASL authentication mechanism, using Transport Layer Security (TLS) to encrypt the authentication process. Once authenticated the SMTP server will allow the client to relay mail. To configure Postfix for SMTP-AUTH using SASL (Dovecot SASL), run these commands at a terminal prompt: sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_sasl_path = p r i v a t e / auth ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_sasl_local_domain =’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ s a s l _ s e c u r i t y _ o p t i o n s = noanonymous , n o p l a i n t e x t ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ s a s l _ t l s _ s e c u r i t y _ o p t i o n s = noanonymous ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ b r o k e n _ s a s l _ a u t h _ c l i e n t s = yes ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ r e c i p i e n t _ r e s t r i c t i o n s = \ p e r m i t _ s a s l _ a u t h e n t i c a t e d , permit_mynetworks , r e j e c t _ u n a u t h _ d e s t i n a t i o n ’ Note The smtpd_sasl_path config parameter is a path relative to the Postfix queue directory. There are several SASL mechanism properties worth evaluating to improve the security of your deployment. The options “noanonymous,noplaintext” prevent use of mechanisms that permit anonymous authentication or that transmit credentials unencrypted. Next, generate or obtain a digital certificate for TLS. See security - certificates in this guide for details about generating digital certificates and setting up your own Certificate Authority (CA). Note MUAs connecting to your mail server via TLS will need to recognize the certificate used for TLS. This can either be done using a certificate from Let’s Encrypt, from a commercial CA or with a self-signed certificate that users manually install/accept. For MTA to MTA TLS certficates are never validated without advance agreement from the affected organizations. For MTA to MTA TLS, unless local policy requires it, there is no reason not to use a self-signed certificate. Refer to security - certificates in this guide for more details. Once you have a certificate, configure Postfix to provide TLS encryption for both incoming and outgoing mail: sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p _ t l s _ s e c u r i t y _ l e v e l = may ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ t l s _ s e c u r i t y _ l e v e l = may ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p _ t l s _ n o t e _ s t a r t t l s _ o f f e r = yes ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ t l s _ k e y _ f i l e = / e t c / s s l / p r i v a t e / s e r v e r . key ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ t l s _ c e r t _ f i l e = / e t c / s s l / c e r t s / s e r v e r . c r t ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ s m t p d _ t l s _ l o g l e v e l = 1 ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_tls_received_header = yes ’ sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ myhostname = m a i l . example . com ’ If you are using your own Certificate Authority to sign the certificate enter: sudo p o s t c o n f −e ’ smtpd_tls_CAfile = / e t c / s s l / c e r t s / c a c e r t . pem ’ 242 Again, for more details about certificates see security - certificates in this guide. Note After running all the commands, Postfix is configured for SMTP-AUTH and a self-signed certifi- cate has been created for TLS encryption. Now, the file /etc/postfix/main.cf should look like this: # See / u s r / s h a r e / p o s t f i x /main . c f . d i s t f o r a commented , more c o m p l e t e # v e r s i o n smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name ( Ubuntu ) b i f f = no # appending . domain i s t h e MUA’ s j o b . append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment t h e next l i n e t o g e n e r a t e ” d e l a y e d m a i l ” w ar n i n g s #delay_warning_time = 4h myhostname = s e r v e r 1 . example . com alias_maps = hash : / e t c / a l i a s e s a l i a s _ d a t a b a s e = hash : / e t c / a l i a s e s m y o r i g i n = / e t c / mailname m y d e s t i n a t i o n = s e r v e r 1 . example . com , l o c a l h o s t . example . com , l o c a l h o s t r e l a y h o s t = mynetworks = 1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 0 / 8 mailbox_command = p r o c m a i l −a ”$EXTENSION” m a i l b o x _ s i z e _ l i m i t = 0 r e c i p i e n t _ d e l i m i t e r = + i n e t _ i n t e r f a c e s = a l l smtpd_sasl_local_domain = smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = y e s s m t p d _ s a s l _ s e c u r i t y _ o p t i o n s = noanonymous b r o k e n _ s a s l _ a u t h _ c l i e n t s = y e s s m t p d _ r e c i p i e n t _ r e s t r i c t i o n s = p e r m i t _ s a s l _ a u t h e n t i c a t e d , permit_mynetworks , r e j e c t _unauth_destination smtpd_tls_auth_only = no s m t p _ t l s _ s e c u r i t y _ l e v e l = may s m t p d _ t l s _ s e c u r i t y _ l e v e l = may s m t p _ t l s _ n o t e _ s t a r t t l s _ o f f e r = y e s s m t p d _ t l s _ k e y _ f i l e = / e t c / s s l / p r i v a t e /smtpd . key s m t p d _ t l s _ c e r t _ f i l e = / e t c / s s l / c e r t s /smtpd . c r t smtpd_tls_CAfile = / e t c / s s l / c e r t s / c a c e r t . pem s m t p d _ t l s _ l o g l e v e l = 1 smtpd_tls_received_header = y e s smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600 s tls_random_source = dev : / dev /urandom The postfix initial configuration is complete. Run the following command to restart the postfix daemon: sudo s y s t e m c t l r e s t a r t p o s t f i x . s e r v i c e Postfix supports SMTP-AUTH as defined in RFC2554. It is based on SASL. However it is still necessary to set up SASL authentication before you can use SMTP-AUTH. 243 When using ipv6, the mynetworks parameter may need to be modified to allow ipv6 addresses, for example: mynetworks = 1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 0 / 8 , [ : : 1 ] / 1 2 8 Download 1.23 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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