Учебное пособие G. G. Gubina english for tourists in professional communication part I textbook

improve (improved, improved, improving), improves, v 1 улучшать 2 совершенствовать
Inclusive systems improve the level of cultural competence. Creation of inclusive systems improves 
cultural competence.  
life, n жизнь 
Cultural competence is important in social life. Cultural competence is also needed in work and home life.  
perfection, n 1 совершенство 2 совершенствование
Perfection of knowledge is an important part of cultural competence. This perfection is an essential part of 
it.  
possess (possessed, possessed, possessing), possesses, v обладать 
It’s necessary for everybody to possess cultural awareness. Teachers, in particular, have to possess cultural 
awareness to teach students of different ethnic groups.  
reinforce (reinforced, reinforced, reinforcing), reinforces, v 1 усиливать 2 укреплять
It is required to reinforce the components of cultural competence. It is basic to reinforce them.  
Task 2. Write the derivatives of the words and their translation.
Verbs: improve, reinforce. Nouns: life, creation. Adjectives: inclusive, verbal.  
Task 3. Read the text and define four components of cultural competence.  

---

44 
Cultural Competence 
 
Cultural competence refers to knowledge-based skills towards people belonging to certain race, 
nationality, ethnic group or community with its beliefs, ideas, ideology, and rules of behaviour. It is very 
important in modern social life, work and home life. The notion cultural competence comprises some 
cognitive components. The first component is cultural awareness. For example, a teacher from the middle 
class in Germany has to teach children from Turkey or Afghanistan and in this case it’s quite necessary for 
him or her to possess cultural awareness of this ethnic group.
Another component of cultural competence is the attitude, providing the examining of values and 
beliefs of the participants in communication or the training process. It makes them not only get knowledge 
of culture or cultures but also analyse it. The purpose of attitude is the increase of cultural awareness.
Knowledge as the third component of cultural competence is extremely important, because the 
people’s values and beliefs can differ from their behaviour, reinforcing cross-cultural effectiveness. 
Creation of inclusive systems allows to improve the level of cultural competence.
The fourth component, skills, also reinforces and improves cultural competence. Skills’ perfection 
is mainly achieved by means of both verbal and nonverbal communication, which is always various in 
cultures.