В настоящее время объектом активного изучения лингводидактики стало

participation in discussion using the given below scales. 
 
Substantive 
Procedural 
• Stating and identifying issues 
• Using foundational knowledge 
• Stipulating facts or definitions 
• Arguing by analogy 
• Supporting statements with 
explanation, reasons, or evidence 
Positives 
• Responding thoughtfully to the 
statements of others 
• Challenging the accuracy, 
logic, relevance, or clarity of 
statements 
• Summarizing points of 

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• Recognizing values or value 
conflicts 
agreement and disagreement 
• Inviting contributions from 
others 
Negatives 
• Irrelevant, distracting 
statements 
• Interrupting 
• Monopolizing 
• Personal attack
There are three elements that make up the assessment: whether 
or not the student has (a) presented accurate knowledge related to 
the given issue, (b) employed skills for stating and pursuing related 
issues; and (c) engaged others in constructive dialogue. A student’s 
contribution to the conversation receives one of five scores:
 
Exemplary (5):
The student has accurately expressed foundational knowledge 
pertinent to an issue raised during the discussion, pursued an issue 
with an elaborated statement, and used stipulation, valuing, or 
analogy to advance the discussion. In addition, the student has 
engaged others in the discussion by inviting their comments or 
acknowledging their contributions. Further, the student has built 
upon a statement made by someone else or thoughtfully challenged 
the accuracy, clarity, relevance, or logic of a statement. 
Effective (4):
The student has accurately expressed foundational knowledge 
pertinent to an issue raised during the discussion, pursued an issue 
with an elaborated statement and, in a civil manner, has built upon a 
statement made by someone else or thoughtfully challenged the 
accuracy, clarity, relevance, or logic, or a statement. 
Adequate (3): 
The student has accurately expressed foundational knowledge 
pertinent to an issue raised during the discussion and has pursued an 
issue by making a statement and elaborating the statement with an 
explanation, reasons, or evidence. 
Minimal (2):

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The student has stated a relevant factual, ethical, or definitional 
issue as a question or has accurately expressed foundational 
knowledge pertinent to an issue raised by someone else.