Venice Steven Dutch University of Wisconsin-Green Bay


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Venice




Founding of Venice

  • Early centuries CE: settled by refugees from mainland

  • Lombards 568

  • Byzantine Empire to 751

  • 800-1100 Becomes independent city state



Keeping Dry



Venice Rising

  • 1172 Republic formed

  • 1178 Brenner Pass captured

  • 1100-1200 Occupies east shore of Adriatic to suppress piracy

  • 1204 Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople

  • 1200-1300 Peaks as maritime and trade power

  • Marco Polo 1271-1295



Arsenal of Venice



Renaissance Venice

  • War is commerce by other means

    • Important supplier of mercenaries
  • Italian Wars 1494-1559

  • Papal Interdict 1509

  • Artistic Peak

    • Titian (c. 1488 -1576)
    • Tintoretto (1518 -1594)
    • Bellini (c. 1430 -1516)
  • Our Bad: Blew up the Parthenon, 1687



Heart of Venice



St. Mark’s Square



St. Mark’s Basilica



Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo





Grand Canal and Rialto Bridge



Bridge of Sighs



Heart of Venice



Modern Venice

  • European fashion and cultural capital, 1700’s

    • Vivaldi 1678-1741
    • Casanova 1725-1798
  • Conquered by Napoleon 1797

    • End of 1070 years of independence
  • Off and on occupation by Austria until 1866

  • Incorporated into modern Italy 1866



Future Venice?













If everything beneath Venice is full of water, how can extracting water make Venice sink? Wouldn’t sea water just replace whatever is taken out?



Answer: Artesian Wells



The Big Picture



Water Drawdown by 1975



And Venice Sinks…



So What’s a Few Inches?



Saving Venice

  • Stop Pumping Wells

  • Halted in 1960’s

  • Subsidence and Sea Level Rise

  • Barriers at Lagoon Mouth

  • What About Large Sea Level Change?

  • Dikes?

  • Raise or Relocate Prize Structures?

  • Abandon?



  • “Nothing lasts forever but the earth and sky”

  • “Dust in the Wind,” Kansas

  • “Nothing lasts forever, not even the earth and sky”

  • Geology



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