Rules for creating the “ing-form” - The doubling rule: When a single syllable verb ends with a letter sequence of “consonant-vowel-consonant”, double the final consonant and add “ing”.
- beg -> begging; stop -> stopping;
- Exceptions:
- If the verb is longer than one syllable, double only if the stress falls on the last syllable.
- Ex: forget -> forgetting verses ??
- The letters h, w, x, & y are never doubled (fix-fixing; row -> rowing )
- Present participle form is used
- To express the past, present and future continuous tenses
- As well as the past, present and future perfect continuous tenses
- As a noun (in which case it is called a “gerund”)
- As an adjective
- Primary use is to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment.
- You are learning English now.
- You are not swimming now.
- Are you sleeping?
- I am not sitting.
- The simple present expresses a frequent action, habit, etc. Not necessarily something you are doing now.
Present Continuous Tense Usage - However, sometimes we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer – but temporary – action which is in progress now; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.
- I am studying to become a doctor.
- I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
- I am not reading any books right now.
(All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.) - In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
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