Water Safety Planning for Urban Water Utilities: a practical Guide for adb staff

Process control
7
Control Measures
(Deliver: tables 
summarizing the 
processes and barriers 
that reduce risks to 
acceptable levels)
ADB and client
Project preparation 
and technical due 
diligence
Finalize the design of the control measures for 
the process. These are usually the most important 
physical control measures that are amenable to 
frequent performance monitoring (ideally continuous 
monitoring). Examples may include protected 
water catchments and aquifers, secured bores 
and raw water storages, raw water intake pumps, 
coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation, filtration, 
disinfection, closed treated water storage, continuous 
pressurization, backflow prevention, and sanitary work 
procedures. Control measures can also include non-
built components such as training, inspection, audit, 
education, and procedures. 
8
Operational 
Monitoring
(Deliver: tables 
summarizing the 
operational monitoring 
and performance 
requirements of the 
control measures)
ADB and client
Project preparation 
and technical due 
diligence
For the key control measures, define operational 
monitoring parameters and set performance limits on 
those parameters. Examples include individual filtered 
water turbidity targets and disinfectant doses.
Prepare process control tables that clearly set out
• operational monitoring parameters, locations, 
frequencies, and responsible parties;
• operational limits (within which the process is 
performing as intended);
• corrective actions (to respond to deviation outside 
operational limits); and
• critical limits (pass or fail operational limits that 
are applicable to some of the most critical control 
measures).

---

INTEGRATION OF WATER SAFETY PLANS INTO ADB’S PROJECT CYCLE
27
Table 2 continued
continued on next page
No.
Illustrative Steps 
and Deliverables
Typical Party with 
Responsibility for 
Activities
(ADB can mean its 
staff, partners, or 
consultants)
Typical Timing 
Relating to ADB 
Project Cycle
Illustrative Notes
(For complete examples, refer to the Water 
Safety Portal. http://www.wsportal.org)
9
Validation
(Deliver: statement on 
the technical veracity 
of the process control 
limits set for the 
control measures)
ADB
Project 
implementation 
(domestic 
engineering design 
approval)
Set out the objective evidence for the technical 
validity of the selected operational and critical limits 
explaining how the processes when operating within 
those limits are adequate for controlling identified 
hazards and keeping risks at acceptable levels. 
Justify the adequacy of associated operational 
monitoring methods and frequencies and the 
corrective actions from the perspective of ensuring 
reliable process control. 
This validation process could consider both technical 
validity and practical achievability.
10