Which features primary schools have?

How to develop confidence?
Try new things and set yourself challenges. If you can do things that scare you, you can handle anything.
Confident people can be themselves without worrying about pleasing others and fitting in. If you find this hard, experiment with saying the words, No, and I disagree.


How to develop dedication?
Work on your empathy. When you put yourself in someone elses shoes you can better understand why theyre struggling.
How to develop conflict resolution?
Youll learn behaviour management skills during your teacher training, but theres no harm in getting a head start. Find a workshop, or read up on tips online and try to apply them in everyday life.
Many volunteering positions will offer you conflict resolution training, particularly if youll be working with children or teenagers.
Be aware of how you act. If you end up in a conflict at work, with your friends or during a project, sit down afterwards and think about how you reacted and what you might do differently next time.


How to develop organization?
Practise organisation while you study. If a friend asked to borrow your lecture notes, would you know where to find them straight away? If not, sit down and work out a system.
Keep your calendar up-to-date and plan out how youll fit your to-do list items into each day. (Dont have a to-do list? Thats another thing to work on.)


Find the most popular types of tests for ESL classroom?
1Multipal choice
2. Alternative response
3. Matching
4. Completion
5. Essay
6. Oral testing

What is realia- are objects from real life used in classroom instruction by educators to improve students' understanding of other cultures and real-life situations.

Which of the followings can be considered as advantages of using realia in a classroom?
- Uses for presenting vocabulary.
- Uses for presenting new structures.
- To the students get into character when acting out dialogue doing role play.
- As props for dialogues and role play.
- Aids for various games.

Realia saves time, as recognition of an object is immediate and so cuts out the need for lengthy explanations.

What are the benefits of using games in educational process?
-Help students to learn more about themselves
-Foster a sense of community in the classroom where all students feel comfortable expressing ideas in a safe learning environment
-Energize students to become more active participants in the learning process.
Which of the followings can be considered as characteristics of good listeners?
1)Listen to the words and try to picture what the speaker is saying; Listen to ideas not just words.
2)Stop talking; Prepare yourself for listening.
3)Focus on what is being said.
4)Wait and watch for non-verbal communication; Maintain eye contact wherever possible.
What is listening?
In this activity, students are supposed to be working in pairs. One student will have the information that other partner does not have and the partners will share their information. This description is about…
Before coming to class, students are asked to read a newspaper or magazine and, in class, they report to their friends what they find as the most interesting news. Students can also talk about whether they have experienced anything worth telling their friends in their daily lives before class. This description is about…
Competent teachers are teachers who deploy their knowledge, abilities, skills, talents, values, attitudes and behavior patterns to meet the challenge of educating their students. They possess the professional skills needed and adequate to perform their assigned duties and attain the educational goals that the law requires.

Competency is is the conscious use of one's own knowledge, abilities, skills, talents, values, attitudes and behavior patterns, in order to resolve issues and problems, overcome challenges, fulfilling one's duties and achieving the aims proposed

What is described here: “It involves skill at searching, processing, evaluating, assimilating, integration and use of information and knowing as well as reflection, research and knowledge creation.”
Teacher's competency

Which are the aspect of teaching competency?

Teaching competency means knowing how to combine goals, contents, activities, methodology, materials, resources and assessment in order to ensure that one's students acquire the prescribed basic sets of skills
Teacher's competency in science means the teachers’ conscious use of their cognitive abilities in order to acquire, deploy and manage the knowledge specific to the field, subject or topic in which they specialize and to their knowledge of teaching.
What skill is described: “This is best incorporated through rhymes, chants, games and in stories which introduce sounds, stress and intonation naturally and allow them to play with these.”
Humuor and optimism
Choose correct characteristic Features of the Best Primary Schools
1) Student-Centred
2. Teachers
3.Facilities
4. Location and transport

What is the general physical characteristic of a primary school child?

A sense of body image begins developing around age 6_
Children in PL age group should get 1hour of physical activity per day
A 6-year-old should be able to focus on a task for at least 15minutes minutes
By 9 age a child should be able to focus attention for about an hour?
A 6-year-old child normally can follow how many series of commands in a row?
3
Which of these areas of development are not included to the main children develop skills?
Early school-age children should be able to use simple, but complete, sentences that contain an average of 5 to 7 words
What is Cognitive Development?
Choose the names of psychologists and educators on whose writings of developmental, as well as recent peer-reviewed research and the experience of primary educators in our EL network the unique characteristics of PL learners are based on
Lev Vygotsky, Maria Montessori, and Jean Piaget,

12. Whose words are these: “Try to explain to the four- or five-year-old a tomorrow,” or a “yesterday,” or even to wait until “later.” For the child time is “now”

Burton Rod

Whose words are these: “In the early childhood class, the art of education is the art of living”

Susan Howard

Whose words are these: “Play is the highest form of research”

Albert Einstein

Who said: “I move, therefore I am” for characterizing the PL learners

Haruki Murakami

Who said: “If we want children to flourish, to become truly empowered,then let us allow them to love the Earth before we ask them to save it” for characterizing the PL learners

David Sobel

Who said: “Never help a child with a task at which he feels he can succeed” for characterizing the PL learners

Maria Montessori

Whose words are these: “ The head does not hear anything until the heart has listened. The heart knows today what the head will understand tomorrow”

James Stephens

Whose words are these: “They have had to deal with operations of division, addition, subtraction, and the determination of size..”

Lev Vygotskiy

Who said: “The child has a hundred languages, a hundred hands, a hundred thoughts, a hundred ways of thinking, of playing, of speaking” for characterizing the PL learners

Loris Malaguzzi

What is the optimal age for learning foreign languages?

Three and six age

The Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) claims : “Children between three and six years of age are at the optimal age for learning foreign languages, because, when children learn their first language, .”

2-14 age

What is the best period to gain knowledge from the teacher?

8 and 9age

What are the purposes of teaching English in primary schools ?

interaction and socialization.

Which is not included to the aims of interaction?

Which is not included to the purposes of socialization?
What type of challenges in Teaching English in Primary Schools do you know?
Which is not related to internal factor?
The internal factor refers to pedagogy, motivation, and identity.

What is the meaning of TESOL?

Teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL) is also a widely used term and often means the same thing as TEFL. It's sometimes specifically used to refer to teaching English to people who are living in the UK but who do not speak English as a first language.

What is the meaning of TEAL?

they generally all refer to the same thing - teaching English to someone whose native language is not English

Which of the following is also a widely used term and often means the same thing as TEFL?

Teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL)

In what country in the fifth century B. C. the early stages of language were written down as a set of rules?

ancient India

When were written grammar of Sanskrit which effects went far beyond the original intentions of the authors

Fifth century or1984

Whose words are these: “a thorough education consists not only of the acquisition of knowledge, but the physical, mental, emotional, moral and social development of the individual.”

Hewitt

Which does not characterize the game?

Which is not related to the Powerful Strategies for Impressive Results in teaching Primary learners?

Which of these typical tasks that may be carried out doesn’t include?

Typical tasks that may be carried out include:
- classroom management;
- planning, preparing and delivering lessons to a range of classes and age groups;
- preparing and setting tests, examination papers and exercises;
- marking and providing appropriate feedback on oral and written work;
- devising, writing and producing new materials, including audio and visual resources;
- organizing and getting involved in social and cultural activities such as sports competitions, school parties, dinners and excursions;
- attending and contributing to training sessions;
- participating in marketing events for the language school;
- preparing information for inspection visits and other quality assurance exercises;
- freelance teaching on a one-to-one basis;
- basic administration, such as keeping student registers and attendance records.

According to what the content of lessons can vary?

Which is not correct definition for motivation?
Who describes motivation as “as a desire to gain an objective, combined with the energy to work towards that objective.”
Who describes motivation as “the reason or reasons behind one's actions or behaviors”
Who describes motivation as “the attribute that moves us to do or not to do something.”
Who describes motivation as “the learner’s orientation regarding the goal of learning a second language.”
What are the two main types of motivation?
If a student is __________ motivated, his/her goals are to achieve a certain reward such as promotion or good grades
______________ motivated activities lead to certain rewards such as diplomas, prizes and good marks
Whose words are these : “Even punishment can be an element, for it creates the motivation to avoid it”.
The nature of our own behaviour in the classroom is going to be crucial if we are to be:
Competent teachers are .teachers who deploy their knowledge, abilities, skills, talents, values, attitudes and behavior patterns to meet the challenge of educating their students. They possess the professional skills needed and adequate to perform their assigned duties and attain the educational goals that the law requires.

Competency is .

What is described here: “It involves skill at searching, processing, evaluating, assimilating, integration and use of information and knowing as well as reflection, research and knowledge creation”
Which are the aspect of teaching competency?
_____________ means knowing how to combine goals, contents, activities, methodology, materials, resources and assessment in order to ensure that one's students acquire the prescribed basic sets of skills
_____________ in science means the teachers’ conscious use of their cognitive abilities in order to acquire, deploy and manage the knowledge specific to the field, subject or topic in which they specialize and to their knowledge of teaching
What skill is described: “This is best incorporated through rhymes, chants, games and in stories which introduce sounds, stress and intonation naturally and allow them to play with these.”
What skill is described: “Effective classroom management is essential in the young learner classroom, both for safety and for harmony..”
Organisational skills

What skill is described: “Be prepared to adapt your plan, for example, when they haven’t been out on the playground at school due to bad weather and arrive for class absolutely bursting with energy”

Flexibility & Imagination

What skill is described: “What we seek to do as their teachers therefore is to create a welcoming, positive, stimulating and of course safe classroom environment in which they would opt to spend their time, if they had the power to choose.”

Empathy and Sensitivity-

Intonation refers to the pitch that is used to speak

Stress refers to an increased loudness for a syllable in a word or for a word in a phrase, sentence, or question.
A speaker can use intonation and stress_ to inform the audience that a particular part of what the speaker is saying is important or worth attending to
English has a particularly wide pitch range that allows speakers to vary their pitch by making it rise or fall when expressing an utterance (e.g. sentence or question)
Which is not the rules of speech for Teachers?
Rules of speech for Teachers
Act in your students' best interest: 
Build important relationships:
Be explicit about rules and expectations: Clearly establish rules, expectations, and procedures on the first day of school, then discuss and reference them often. Students cannot be expected to be held accountable for their actions if they do not know how they should behave. Be firm, fair, and consistent for a classroom that runs more smoothly.
Be fair and consistent: Your students watch for this and are quick to notice disparities. Do not undermine your own authority and the relationships you have worked hard to build by playing favorites or showing prejudice.
Be prepared: Take a cue from the boy scouts and always be prepared! Preparation will not guarantee success but lack of preparation makes it much less likely. Put in the time to engage your students, craft effectual lessons, and provide useful feedback.
Learn every day: Teaching is a journey that will provide you with many opportunities to learn but you have to be open and willing to take them. You should strive to improve your teaching each and every day, even when you've been in the classroom for years.
Leave your problems at the door: Never bring your personal problems or issues into the classroomleave them at home. Your students should never know when something in your personal life is bothering you.
Involve families: Parents can make or break their children's education, and as such, teachers must do their part to engage even the most reluctant parents in the learning process. Provide plenty of opportunities for parents and guardians to become involved and feel welcomed into your classroom.
Protect your students: Protect your students at all costs. It is your job to ensure that your students are safe and secure at all times. Practice safety procedures frequently in class and never allow students to engage in reckless behavior. Discuss safe behavior outside of school too.
Protect yourself: A teacher must never put themselves in a compromising situation that will bring harm to their career or person. They should always be aware of their surroundings and never allow themselves to be too vulnerable or have their reputation called into question. Protect yourself from danger by maintaining self-control and staying alert at all times.

Which is not the rules of speech for Teachers?

Instructions are not something to be overlooked, in fact, giving the right sort of instruction is crucial to a good flow of a lesson and performance of an activity
What is ‘interrogation mark faces’?
Failing to do so can result in a huge waste of time, not to mention a series of interruptions with the very same questions or, what I call interrogation mark faces

Choose the basic rules of teacher speech:

Be clear;
Use short sentences;
Be chronological;
Support students;
check understanding

Which is not tip for the success of instructions delivery?

There are some tips for the success of instructions delivery:

Try and be short, simple and precise;
Attract students attention first;
Give all the instructions prior to the beginning of activities;
Make use of body language, written commands, etc Do not only count in spoken language;
If possible, demonstrate the task;
Be consistent about the way you give instructions so on the long run it will make students lives easier;
Dont through your instructions groups them in order to build a repertoire of instructions and how they worked. In the future, you will only improve what you have already done before without so much trouble.

Total Physical Response was developed by the American psychologist James Asher in the 1970s.

Total Physical Response was developed in

The main goal of Total Physical Response is to teach oral speech
Representatives of Total Physical Response consider what skill to be prevalent?
Speaking skill

Total Physical Response is based on the coordination of speech and action

The material for learning a foreign language are the topics of everyday use that are necessary for practical application
What are the features of TPR?
The coordination of speech and action facilitates language learning.
Grammar is taught inductively.
Meaning is more important than form.
Speaking is delayed until comprehension skills are established.
Effective language learning takes place in low stress environment.
The role of the teacher is central.

Effective TPR should be from both the teacher and the student. TPR often gets conflated with acting because many new online teachers liken it to being some sort of clown when in reality its how young learners develop language.

TPR works so well because it hits on different learning styles:

- Visual
- Audio
- Kinesthetic

What is the first step of TPR?

comprehension

Types of TPR?

Model TPR for Student Success
TPR Story Telling
Instructional TPR
Educational TPR

It has been proposed that certain properties of songs are especially likely to support_____________

Certain properties of songs includes the followings:
It is possible to teach the following skills through songs:
Poetry is ..
Poetry can be ..
Poetry opens with an interesting historical reference of .
The poem must be suitable for _____________you are teaching
It is also worth thinking about _________of the poem; if it is too far removed from standard English, students may find it incomprehensible
Song help students ________________
Realia _________
Whose words are these: “Authentic materials are indeed a valuable part of the teacher's stock in trade, and can do some things that other materials are not capable of. However, inevitably they have to be used in small doses, must be carefully selected and controlled, and need well-thought out teaching exercises to be fully exploited.”
Vivian Cook

Whose words are these: “Play is often talked about as if it were a relief from serious learning. But for children play is serious learning. Play is really the work of childhood”

Fred Rogers

Whose words are these : “Games raise the students’ motivation in such away that students enjoy their learning so much that they might not realize they are doing so.”

Carrier

Whose words are these “ Games can be used to give practice in all language skills and they can be used to practice many types of communication.

Erzos

Whose words are these “The most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention.”

Rachel Naomi Remen

Which process is described: “We need to remember that hearing doesn’t mean listening, it’s just a physical act of receiving sound stimulation and sending it to the brain for reception”

Hearing

Which process is described: “Is tuning into a sound, recognizing its importance and interpreting the information in the brain”

Listening

Which process is described: “Children may be able to hear and listen to sounds and voices, but they also need to be able to do this for a sustained period of time”

Attention