Writing answers in bold

---

1. What is the “Statement of Purpose” and what does it include? 
A Statement of Purpose (SOP), also known as a research statement or a letter of 
intent, is written to the admission panel and talks about your career path, interests, 
professional contributions, goals and the driving force behind pursuing a particular 
program. 
A Statement of Purpose is how you tell the admissions committee who you are, 
why you want to join our program, your professional interests and what you plan 
to do. It should answer the following: What do you want to study at graduate 
school? Why do you want to study it? 
2. What is the connection between goal and objectives of the research?
While goals create a vision with a wide range, objectives focus on the 
individual, achievable outcomes. Objectives are the concrete deliverables 
that make the goal come to life. Progress towards them helps measure 
advancement to reaching the larger end goal. 
3. What is role of the research questions in the research?
A research question is a sentence that defines what you will examine, within 
which population, and what the outcome of interest will be. Defining a clear 
research question is the first and most important part of the project 
4. What does a logical organization of the research mean?
Basically, the logical order refers to the organization of discussed points 
from general to specific. In this case, students develop a thesis statement, 
which is a comprehensive claim. Besides, authors must provide accurate 
details to support the central argument. 
5. What is the method of the research?
Research methods are the strategies, processes or techniques utilized in the 
collection of data or evidence for analysis in order to uncover new 

---

information or create better understanding of a topic. There are different 
types of research methods which use different tools for data collection. 
6. What is the hypothesis of the research? Speak about its relationship with the 
research questions. 
A research hypothesis is a statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested 
by research. Before formulating your research hypothesis, read about the topic of 
interest to you. 
Hypotheses are basically statements about the relationships between variables, 
while research questions are questions about proposed relationships between 
variables. A research question shows some kind of relationship or difference 
between variables. 
7. What is the literature review? 
A literature review is an overview of the previously published works on a topic. 
The term can refer to a full scholarly paper or a section of a scholarly work such as 
a book, or an article. Either way, a literature review is supposed to provide the 
researcher/author and the audiences with a general image of the existing 
knowledge on the topic under question. A good literature review can ensure that a 
proper research question has been asked and a proper theoretical framework and/or 
research methodology have been chosen 
8. What is the purpose of the literature review? 
The purpose of a literature review is to gain an understanding of the existing 
research and debates relevant to a particular topic or area of study, and to present 
that knowledge in the form of a written report 
9. How is the literature review done?
A literature review consists of an overview, a summary, and an evaluation 
(“critique”) of the current state of knowledge about a specific area of research. It 
may also include a discussion of methodological issues and suggestions for future 
research. 

---

10. What is written on the note cards?
Notes must reflect facts, figures, opinions, and quotations accurately. Double-
check everything you put on the note card against the original source. Give enough 
detail that you can understand what you have written. When you write down the 
exact words written by the author, enclose them in quotation marks 
11. How are the others’ opinions or findings stated in the literature review?
12. Speak about the structures of the literature review?
In general, literature reviews are structured in a similar way to a standard 
essay, with an introduction, a body and a conclusion. These are key 
structural elements. Additionally, a stand-alone extended literature review 
has an abstract. 
Like any other chapter in your thesis or dissertation, your literature review 
needs to have a clear, logical structure. At a minimum, it should have three 
essential components – an introduction, a body and a conclusion 
13. How are the researchers recommended to find sources for their literature 
review?
Start with research databases 
Scopus and Web of Science are good databases to start with for any research 
topic and literature review. Scopus is a large multidisciplinary database 
covering published material in the humanities and sciences. It also provides 
citation analysis of authors and subject areas 
14. What is the abstract of the research? 
An abstract is a short summary of your completed research. It is intended to 
describe your work without going into great detail. Abstracts should be self-
contained and concise, explaining your work as briefly and clearly as 
possible. 

---

15.What does statement intent of the research include? 
The statement should describe how you plan to undertake research and 
explain the relationship between your practice and your research question. 
There are many research methods, so you should seek to identify those that 
are most suited to your study. 
16. What are authentic, popular and academic sources? 
Authentic source' is the term used to refer to a set of data held by a body that 
has been appointed by a legal act to manage these data, which are 
authoritative in a particular area of competence. The data must concern 
natural person or legal entities or legal facts. 
The term “popular”, in terms of sources, typically refers to general interest 
publications like newspapers and magazines. While not considered scholarly 
sources, some newspapers and magazines come from respected publications 
that can be used in certain assignments 
Scholarly sources (also referred to as academic, peer-reviewed, or refereed 
sources) are written by subject experts with systems in place to ensure the 
quality and accuracy of information. Scholarly sources include books from 
academic publishers, peer-reviewed journal articles, and reports from 
research institutes 
17.How do you collect data related to the literature review? 
Reference Materials such as encyclopedias and dictionaries provide good 
overall views of topics and provide keyword hints for searching. Many will 
include lists of sources to consider for your literature review. Journals are a 
major source of materials for a literature review. 
What are the data that can be collected in writing related literature? 

---

The following sections will explain and provide examples of these various 
sources. 
Peer reviewed journal articles (papers) ... 
Edited academic books. ... 
Articles in professional journals. ... 
Statistical data from governmental websites. ... 
Website material from professional associations. 
18.State your opinion about organizing research questions. 
How Do I Come up with a Good Research Question? 
Step 1: Choose a topic by identifying a broad area of interest. 
Step 2: Find background information to help you understand your topic. 
Step 3: Define your research question. 
Step 4: Modify and refine your search question to achieve a manageable 
focus. 
19.What is the hypothesis of the research?
A research hypothesis is a statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested 
by research. Before formulating your research hypothesis, read about the topic of 
interest to you. 
20.Why are research question and research hypothesis connected with each other? 
A research question presents the problem(s) to be addressed in the research 
study, and the hypothesis is the predicted answer to the research question, 
based on the literature reviewed. 
A hypothesis is a statement that can be proved or disproved. A research 
question can be made into a hypothesis by changing it into a statement. For 

---

example, the third research question above can be made into the hypothesis: 
Maximum reflex efficiency is achieved after eight hours of sleep. 
21. What is Plagiarism? 
Plagiarism is presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own, with or 
without their consent, by incorporating it into your work without full 
acknowledgement. All published and unpublished material, whether in 
manuscript, printed or electronic form, is covered under this definition. 
22.How can Plagiarism be avoided?
5 Ways to Avoid Plagiarism 
Use direct quotes - or don't quote at all. Sometimes in your research you will 
come across a passage that makes a point so eloquently that you can't 
imagine saying it any other way. ... 
Paraphrase with care. ... 
Give credit where credit is due. ... 
Beware of cutting and pasting. ... 
Footnote as you go. 
23. Speak about the forms of plagiarism.
Some examples of plagiarism include: Copying and pasting a Wikipedia 
article into the body of an assignment. Quoting a source without including a 
citation. Not paraphrasing a source properly, such as maintaining wording 
too close to the original. 
24. When is paraphrasing considered to be plagiarism? 
Paraphrasing is plagiarism if your text is too close to the original wording 
(even if you cite the source). If you directly copy a sentence or phrase, you 

---

should quote it instead. Paraphrasing is not plagiarism if you put the author's 
ideas completely in your own words and properly cite the source. 
25.What strategies are used to paraphrase? 
Use Synonyms. ... 
Use a Different Word Form. ... 
Change from the Active to the Passive. ... 
Change the word order. ... 
Use a combination of techniques. 
26.Why is plagiarism required to be avoided?
Plagiarism constitutes a breach of academic integrity and represents 
substandard scholarship. Plagiarism can have lasting impact on the future 
career, regardless of whether it was intentional or not. 
The responsibility to avoid plagiarism belongs with the student or 
researcher. Plagiarism can be avoided by learning how to correctly 
acknowledge any ideas, words, images, data, etc. that belong to somebody 
else 
27. When are the quotation marks used in using others’ ideas? 
The same rule applies to titles and words used in a special sense or for 
emphasis. Use double quotation marks (“”) around a direct quote. A direct 
quote is a word- for-word report of what someone else said or wrote. You 
use the exact words and punctuation of the original. 
28. Comment on the types of the sources. 
Types of Sources 

---

Scholarly publications (Journals) 
Popular sources (News and Magazines) 
Professional/Trade sources. 
Books / Book Chapters. 
Conference proceedings. 
Government Documents. 
Theses & Dissertations. 
29. What are the objectives of the research? 
Research objectives describe what your research project intends to 
accomplish. They should guide every step of the research process, including 
how you collect data, build your argument, and develop your conclusions 
30. What is referencing in literature review? 
helps you to avoid plagiarism by making it clear which ideas are your own 
and which are someone else's. shows your understanding of the topic. gives 
supporting evidence for your ideas, arguments and opinions. allows others to 
identify the sources you have used. 
31. How are the research questions developed? Comment on the steps of their 
development. 
32.What is a qualitative and quantitative research?
Quantitative research deals with numbers and statistics, while qualitative 
research deals with words and meanings. Quantitative methods allow you to 
systematically measure variables and test hypotheses. Qualitative methods 
allow you to explore concepts and experiences in more detail 
33.What are the stages of writing research? 

---

Step 1: Identify and develop your topic. ... 
Step 2 : Do a preliminary search for information. ... 
Step 3: Locate materials. ... 
Step 4: Evaluate your sources. ... 
Step 5: Make notes. ... 
Step 6: Write your paper. 
34.What is the purpose of the research?
The purpose of research is to enhance society by advancing knowledge 
through scientific theories, concepts and ideas. A research purpose is met 
through forming hypotheses, collecting data, analysing, 
35.What is the hypothesis of the research?
A research hypothesis is a statement of expectation or prediction that will be 
tested by research. Before formulating your research hypothesis, read about 
the topic of interest to you. 
36. Speak about its relationship with the research questions 
A research question presents the problem(s) to be addressed in the research 
study, and the hypothesis is the predicted answer to the research question, 
based on the literature reviewed. 
37. What does statement of intent of the research include? 
A statement of intent is an outline of a potential research area for a project 
you would like to undertake that: Highlights your area of research interest. 
Describes the importance of this area of research and why you are the right 
person to undertake it. 
Here is a sample statement of intent: Dear Ted Mosby, I intend to obtain my 
bachelor's degree in English literature from Wesleyan University. This is 
because of the exceptional work the institution has done in the English 
Literature sphere. 

---

38.Why are research questions and research hypothesis connected with each other? 
39.What are the 10 principles of the research?
1. Research questions and purpose must be clear and unambiguous. 
2. The method needs to be able to answer the questions and provide 
meaningful and trustworthy information. 
3. Design should incorporate the views of all with legitimate interest. 
4. There should be a fair balance of benefits and harms. 
5. Participants should be fairly recruited and asked if they wish to