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T ask 2. Read and retell the text
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T ask 2. Read and retell the text.
Nearly every person who makes the decision to start a business is an entrepreneur because he or she is willing to take a risk. Usually people decide to start a business to gain profits and to “ do something on their o w n ” or to be their own boss. Entrepreneurs then gather the factors o f production and decide on the form o f business organization that best suits their purposes. A n yone hoping to become an entrepreneur must also learn as much as possible about the business he or she plans to start. This process includes learning about the laws, regulations, and tax codes that will apply to the business. Elements o f Business Operation To start a business, you must make potential customers aware that your services are available for a price. You could have one-page fliers printed to advertise your business and pass them out. You could also buy advertising space in the local newspaper. Every business, regardless o f size, involves four elements: expenses, advertising, receipts and record keeping, and risk. Expenses If you own a painting business, you will need to purchase brushes and paint. As yo ur business grows, you might invest in paint sprayers so that you can complete j o b s faster. This new equipment would add to your income, but will probably take more money capital than you have on hand. Advertising You will quickly find out that letting potential customers know that you are in business is costly. T ask 3. Give yo u r idea on the topic:” What is poor customer service?” What is lean operations? T ask 2. R ead and retell the text. Capital is money, and it is represented by securities— bonds mostly— that are traded on the w o r l d ’s capital markets ju s t like any other com m odity.T he price borrowers pay for money is the interest rate. This “ price” is determined by supply and demand. When there is a shortage o f money to lend, borrowers have to pay a higher interest rate. When money is plentiful , interest rates decline. There is no single center for capital market trading. The w o r ld ’s securities are traded in a vast network o f electronically linked banks and securities houses located all over the world— from Tokyo and Singapore to L on d o n and N e w York. The international capital markets serve one major purpose: to get money from those who have it into the hands o f those who want it and are willing to pay a price to get it. Hundreds o f billions o f dollars— and euros, and yen and pounds— are traded daily on the w o r ld ’s capital markets. The international capital markets bring together a wide variety o f borrowers and lenders. Investors can be as large as the California State E m p lo y e e s ’ Retirement Fund or as small as a Swiss farmer buying a bond at a local bank. Borrowers include corporations, governments, and international organizations— from IBM to the Kingdom o f Sweden to the African Developm ent Bank. How does it work? When a Swiss investor buys a bond o f the African Development Bank, the primary motivation isn’t necessarily to give money to Africa, even though that is the final result. Download 0.73 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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