[yorqin harakat] of colour as [kabi] it catches its food in the air, the European bee-eater [asalari yeyuvchilar]

The life of the European bee-eater
A brilliant movement [yorqin harakat] of colour as [kabi] it catches its food in the air, the European bee-eater [asalari yeyuvchilar] moves between three continents.
True to their name, bee-eaters eat bees (though their diet includes just about any Alying insect). When the bird catches a bee, it returns to its tree to get rid of [qutulish] the bee's poison [zahar], which it does very efficiently [foydali]. It hits the insect's head on one side of the branch, then rubs [ishqalash] its body on the other. The rubbing makes its prey [o’lja] harmless.
European bee-eaters (Merops apiaster) form families that breed in the spring and summer across an area that extends from Spain to Kazakhstan. Farmland and river valleys provide huge numbers of insects. Flocks [to’da] of bee-eaters follow tractors as they work fields. When the birds come upon a beehive [asalari ini], they eat well - a researcher once found a hundred bees in the stomach of a bee-eater near a hive.
European bees pass the winter by sleeping in their hives, which cuts off the bee-eater's main source of food. So, in late summer, bee-eaters begin a long, dangerous journey.
Massive flocks from Spain, France and northern Italy cross the Sahara desert to their wintering grounds in West Africa. Bee-eaters from Hungary and other parts of Central and Eastern Europe cross the Mediterranean Sea and Arabian Desert to winter in southern Africa. 'It's an extremely risky stratagem [reja], this migration, says C. Hilary Fry, a British European ornithologist who has studied bee-eaters for more than 45 years.
"At least 30 percent of the birds will be killed by predators before they make it back to Europe the following spring.”
In April, they return to Europe. Birds build nests by digging tunnels in riverbanks. They work for up to 20 days. By the end of the job, they've moved 15 to 26 pounds of soil - more than 80 times their weight.
The nesting season is a time when families help each other, and sons or uncles help feed their father's or brother's chicks as soon as they come out of their eggs. The helpers benefit, too: parents with helpers can provide more food for chicks to continue the family line.
It's a short, spectacular life. European bee-eaters live for five to six years. The difficulties of migration and avoiding predators along the way affect every bird. Bee-eaters today also find it harder to find food, as there are fewer insects around as a result of pesticides. Breeding [naslchilik] sites are also disappearing, as rivers are turned into concrete-walled canals.

Rangning yorqin harakati havoda oziq-ovqatni ushlaganidek, Yevropa asalari yeyuvchilari uch qit'a orasida harakat qiladi.

O'z nomiga to'g'ri kelganidek, asalari yeyuvchilar asalarilarni iste'mol qiladilar (garchi ularning dietasiga deyarli har qanday Alying hasharotlari kiradi). Qush asalarilarni ushlaganida, ari zahridan qutulish uchun daraxtga qaytadi, u buni juda samarali bajaradi. U hasharotning boshini shoxning bir tomoniga uradi, keyin tanasini boshqa tomoniga suradi. Ishqalanish uning o'ljasini zararsiz qiladi.
Yevropalik asalar yeyuvchilar (Merops apiaster deb ataladi) Ispaniyadan Qozog'istongacha bo'lgan hududda bahor va yozda ko'payadigan oilalarni tashkil qiladi. Dehqonchilik yerlari va vodiylar o’rtasidan o’tadigan daryolarda juda ko'p hasharotlar bo’ladi. Asalari yeyuvchilar dalada ishlayotgan traktorlar ortidan ergashadi. Qushlar asalari uyasiga kelganda, ular yaxshi ovqatlanadilar. Bir marta bir tadqiqotchi uyaning yonida asalari yeyuvchilar oshqozonida yuzta asalari topgan.
Yevropalik asalarilar qishni o‘z uyalarida uxlab o‘tkazadilar, bu esa asalarilarning asosiy oziq-ovqat manbasini uzib qo‘yadi. Shunday qilib, yoz oxirida asalarilar uzoq, xavfli sayohatni boshlaydilar. (oziq ovqatsiz qoladi).
Ispaniya, Fransiya va Shimoliy Italiyadan kelgan katta to’dalar (ari yeyuvchilar) Sahroi Kabir cho'lini kesib o'tib, qishlash uchun G'arbiy Afrikadagi joylariga boradi. Vengriya va Markaziy va Sharqiy Yevropaning boshqa qismlaridan kelgan ari yeyuvchilar Afrikaning janubida qishlash uchun O'rta yer dengizi va Arab cho'lini kesib o'tadilar. “Bu migratsiya oʻta xavfli strategiya”, deydi 45 yildan koʻproq vaqt davomida ari yeyuvchilarni oʻrgangan britaniyalik yevropalik ornitolog C. Hilari Fray. "Qushlarning kamida 30 foizi keyingi bahorda Evropaga qaytib kelgunga qadar yirtqichlar tomonidan yo’q qilinadi."
Aprel oyida ular Yevropaga qaytadilar. Qushlar daryo bo'ylarida tunnel qazish orqali uya quradilar. Ular 20 kungacha ishlaydi. Ishning oxiriga kelib, ular o’zlarining og’irligidan 80 baravar ko’proq bo’lgan 15-26 funt tuproqni ko'chirishdi.
Uya qo‘yish davri oilalar bir-biriga yordam beradigan, o‘g‘illari yoki amakilari esa otasi yoki ukasining jo‘jalarini tuxumidan chiqqan zahoti boqishga yordam beradigan davrdir. Yordamchilar ham foyda ko'radilar: yordamchilari bo'lgan ota-onalar oilani davom ettirish uchun jo'jalarni ko'proq oziq-ovqat bilan ta'minlashlari mumkin. Bu qisqa, ajoyib hayot. yevropalik asalari yeyuvchilar besh yildan olti yilgacha yashaydilar. Migratsiya qiyinchiliklari va yo'lda yirtqichlardan qochish har bir qushga ta'sir qiladi. Bugungi kunda ari yeyuvchilar ham oziq-ovqat topishda qiynalishmoqda, chunki pestitsidlar (zarur kunanda hasharotlarini yo’qotuvchi modda) natijasida atrofda hasharotlar kamayib bormoqda. Daryolar beton devorli kanallarga aylangani uchun naslchilik joylari ham yo‘qolib bormoqda.