High School Level Glossar y United States History & Government Glossary English / Uzbek
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High School Level Glossar y United States History & Government Glossary English / Uzbek Translation of United States History & Government terms based on the Coursework for United States History & Government Grades 9 to 12. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students Last Updated: July 2017
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of The University
B ETTY A.
R OSA
, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ................. Bronx T.
A NDREW
B ROWN
,
B.A.,
J.D.
........................................................... Rochester R OGER
T ILLES
, B.A.,
J.D. ................................................................................................. Great Neck L ESTER
W.
Y OUNG ,
J R ., B.S.,
M.S.,
Ed.D.
. ...................................................................... Beechhurst C HRISTINE D.
C EA ,
B.A.,
M.A., Ph.D.
. ........................................................................... Staten Island W ADE
S.
N ORWOOD ,
B.A.
............................................................................................... Rochester K ATHLEEN
M.
C ASHIN , B.S., M.S., Ed.D. ...................................................................... Brooklyn J AMES
E.
C OTTRELL ,
B.S.,
M.D. ....................................................................................... New York J OSEPHINE V ICTORIA
F INN
,
B.A., J.D. .............................................................................. Monticello J UDITH
C HIN
,
M.S. in Ed. ............................................................................................... Little Neck B EVERLY
L.
O UDERKIRK ,
B.S.
in Ed.,
M.S.
in Ed. ........................................................... Morristown C ATHERINE C OLLINS
,
R.N., N.P.,
B.S.,
M.S.
in Ed.,
Ed.D.
............................................ Buffalo J UDITH
J OHNSON
,
B.A., M.A.,
C.A.S.
............................................................................. New Hempstead N AN
E ILEEN
M EAD
,
B.A. ................................................................................................ Manhattan E LIZABETH S.
H AKANSON ,
A.S.,
M.S., C.A.S.
................................................................ Syracuse L UIS
O.
R EYES ,
B.A.,
M.A., Ph.D.
................................................................................... New York S USAN
W.
M ITTLER ,
B.S., M.S. ....................................................................................... Ithaca
Commissioner of Education and President of The University M ARY E LLEN
E LIA
E LIZABETH R.
B ERLIN
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 1
ENGLISH UZBEK A abolition bekor qilish, AQSHda qullikning bekor qilinishi abolitionist qullikni bekor qilish tarafdori administration ma’muriyat adoption tasdiqlash affirmative action tarixan kamsitilgan guruhlar manfaatini himoya qilish Africa
Afrika African-American afro-amerikalik Age of Jackson Jekson asri aggression tajovuz agricultural areas qishloq xo‘jalik yer maydonlari agriculture qishloq xo‘jaligi AIDS /HIV OITS/OIV Albany Plan of Union Olbanining birlashtirish rejasi Alger Hiss case Alger Hiss ishi Alien and Sedition Acts “Chet elliklar va qo‘zg‘olonga undash to‘g‘risida”gi qonunlar allegiance sodiqlik Alliance for Progress “Tarraqiyot ittifoqi” allied powers ittifoqchi davlatlar allies ittifoqchilar amendment tuzatma
American Federation of Labor (AFL) Amerika mehnat federatsiyasi American Revolution Amerika inqilobi amnesty amnistiya, afv etish anarchy anarxiya ancient ko‘hna, qadimgi annex qo‘shib olmoq, bosib olmoq annexation bosib olish anti-federalist federalismga qarshi kishi anti-defamation League Bo‘htonlarga qarshi liga anti-Semitism anti-semitizm, aksil-somiylik anti-trust monopoliyaga qarshi, aksil-trast appeasement yon berish appointment Tayinlash arbitration arbitraj sudi armed forces qurolli kuchlar armistice harbiy harakatlarni to‘xtatish arsenal of democracy demokratiya arsenali Articles of Confederation Konfederatsiya moddalari, AQSHning 13 ta shtatdan iborat konfederatsiyasini tuzish haqida shartnoma (AQSH Konstitutsiyasi tuzilishidan oldin) Asia Osiyo
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 2
ENGLISH UZBEK Asian-American osiyolik amerikalik assassination qotillik (siyosiy yoki taniqli jamoat arbobini o‘ldirish) assembly assambleya, yig‘ish assembly line yig‘ish liniyasi assimilation Assimilyatsiya Atlantic Charter Atlantika xartiyasi atomic bomb atom bombasi austerity qattiqqo‘llik, qattiq tejash authority vakolat, hokimiyat autocracy Avtokratiya automation Avtomatlashtirish autonomy avtonomiya, muxtoriyat axis powers o’q kuchlari
baby boom generation demografik portlash davri avlodi bank holiday banklarning dam olish kunlari Bankruptcy bankrot bo‘lish, sinish Bay of Pigs Invasion Cho‘chqalar hujumi ko‘rfazi Berlin Blockade Berlin qamali Berlin Wall Berlin devori Bessemer process Bessemer jarayoni big business katta biznes, yirik kapital Big Stick Policy Ulkan so‘yil siyosati Bill
bill, qonun Bill of Rights huquqlar to‘g‘risidagi qonun bipartisan ikki partiyali Black Codes AQSHning qora tanlilar ko‘p yashaydigan janubiy shtatlari qonunlari Black Panthers “Qora qoplonlar” tashkiloti Black Tuesday “Qora seshanba” blacklist qora ro‘yxat Bleeding Kansas qonli kanzas Bonus Army Askarlarga qo‘shimcha haq berish armiyasi boycott boykot qilish buffer zone buffer zona bull market bozorda narxlarni oshirish Bureau of Indian Affairs Hindular masalalari byurosi bureaucracy byurokratiya business cycle ishbilarmonlik faolligi sikli C Cabinet
kabinet Camp David Accords Kemp-Devid kelishuvlari
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 3
ENGLISH UZBEK Campaign kampaniya Canals
kanallar Capital
Sarmoya; poytaxt Capitalism kapitalizm captains of industry ulkan sanoat korxonalari rahbarlari Caribbean Karib dengizi havzasi Carpetbaggers “kelgindi nomzod” Cartoons karikaturalar, komikslar case law pretsedent huquq Catholic katolik Census
aholini ro‘yxatga olish central government markaziy hukumat Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Markaziy razvedka boshqarmasi (MRB) Charter
xartiya, nizom charts
diagrammalar checks and balances o’zaro tiyib turish va manfaatlar muvozanati Cherokee Chiroki qabilasi Chief Justice Bosh sudya child labor laws Bolalar mehnatini taqiqlovchi qonunlar Chinese Exclusion Act Xitoyliklarni istisno qiluvchi qonun choice
tanlov, variant citizen
fuqaro, vatandosh citizenship fuqarolik city
shahar civic values fuqarolik qadriyatlari civil disobedience fuqarolarnining bo‘ysunmasligi Civil Rights fuqarolar huquqlari civil society fuqarolik jamiyati civil unrest ijtimoiy tartibsizliklar Civil War fuqarolik urushi Civil War Amendments fuqarolik urishi davridagi o’zgartirishlar climate
iqlim closed shop “yopiq do’kon” (a’zolik asosida ishga oladigan korxona) coalition Koalitsiya coast lines sohil liniyasi Cold War Sovuq Urush collective bargaining kollektiv shartnoma colonial era mustamlakachilik davri colony Mustamlaka Commander-In-Chief bosh qo‘mondon commerce tijorat, savdo committee qo‘mita
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 4
ENGLISH UZBEK commodity tovar, mahsulot common sense sog‘lom fikr common welfare umumiy farovonlik commonwealth hamdo‘stlik communism Kommunizm Communist Party kommunistik partiya community Hamjamiyat compare and contrast taqqoslash va qarama-qarshi qo‘yish compromise Murosa Compromise of 1850 1850-yilgi murosa computer Kompyuter Computer Revolution kompyuter inqilobi concentration camps konsentratsion lagerlar concurrent powers parallel vakolatlar confederacy ittifoq, birlashma confederation Konfederatsiya conference committees murosa qo‘mitalari conflict Ziddiyat congregation Kongregatsiya Congress Kongress congressional committees Kongress qo‘mitalari congressional district Congress saylov okrugi Congress Industrial Organization (CIO) Sanoat tashkilotlari kongressi (STK) conscientious objector harbiy xizmat qilishni istamagan kishi consent of the governed boshqaruv ostidagilarning roziligi consolidation to’plash, konsolidatsiya conspiracy Fitna constitution Konstitutsiya Constitution of the United States Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlari Konstitutsiyasi constitutional amendment konstitutsiyaga o’zgartirishlar kiritish constitutional convention konstitutsiya konventi, ta’sis majlisi constitutional government konstitutsiya asosida boshqarish consumer iste’molchi Consumer Price Index (CPI) Iste’mol narxlari indeksi (INI) consumption iste’mol containment tiyib turish siyosati Continental Congress qit’a kongressi contraband Kontrabanda contract Kontrakt cons
“qarshi ovozlar” controversy munozara, ziddiyat convention konvensiya, qurultoy corollary tuzatish
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 5
ENGLISH UZBEK corporation korporatsiya cotton gin paxta tozalash mashinasi counterculture aks madaniyat country
mamlakat court
sud covenant kelishuv craft union hunarmandlar kasaba uyushmasi credit
kredit creditor nation kreditor mamlakat crime
jinoyat Cuban missile crisis Karib inqirozi (Kubadagi raketa tangligi) cultural interdependence madaniy o‘zaro bog‘liqlik cultural pluralism madaniy ko‘pfikrlilik culture
Madaniyat currency Valyuta customs
odatlar; bojxona D dark horse noma’lum nomzod Dawes Act Devis qonuni debate
Munozara debt
Qarz debtor nation qarzdor mamlakat Declaration of Independence Mustaqillik deklaratsiyasi defense
Mudofaa delegate delegat demobilization harbiy xizmatdan bo‘shati(li)sh democracy democratic demokratik Democratic Party Demokratlar partiyasi depression depressiya, tushkunlik deregulation tartib solish yoki nazoratni bekor qilish desegregation segregatsiyani bekor qilish detente
tanglikni bartaraf etish dictatorship diktatura diplomacy diplomatiya direct democracy bevosita demokratiya direct primary to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri dastlabki saylov disabled citizens nogiron fuqarolar discrimination kamsitish disenfranchise fuqarolik huquqlaridan mahrum qilmoq dissent
kelishmovchilik, fikrlar bir joydan chiqmasligi diversity rang-baranglik
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 6
ENGLISH UZBEK doctrine doktrina documents hujjatlar dollar diplomacy dollar diplomatiyasi domestic ichki domino theory domino nazariyasi double jeopardy bitta jinoyat uchun ikki marta javobgarlikka tortish draft
harbiy xizmatga chaqirmoq draft evaders harbiy xizmatdan bo‘yin tovlagan kishilar drug cartel narkokartel due process Tegishli tartibdagi qonuniy jarayon Dust Bowl Dast-Boul, Amerika g‘arbidagi qurg‘oqchil mintaqalar
economic development iqtisodiy rivojlanish economic growth iqtisodiy o‘sish economics iqtisodiyot elastic clause “elastik punkt” (AQSH Konstitutsiyasi 8-moddasining 18-bandi) election saylov
electoral college saylovchilar kollegiyasi electors saylovchilar, saylovchilar kollegiyasi a’zolari emancipation ozod qilish, emansipatsiya Emancipation Proclamation Ozod qilish haqidagi bayonot Embargo Acts embargo haqidagi qonun emigration emigratsiya employment ish berish, bandlike enlightenment ma’rifat entrepreneur tadbirkor enumerated powers AQSH Konstitutsiyasida sanab o‘tilgan vakolatlar environment atrof muhit envoy Vakil
Equal rights amendment (ERA) Teng huquqlar haqidagi tuzatish (THHT) equality Tenglik
escalation vaziyatning taranglashishi espionage josuslik ethnic etnik
ethnocentrism milliy manmanlik Europe Yevropa
European Union (E.U) Yevropa Ittifoqi (YeI) evolution evolyutsiya, tadrij excise tax aksiz solig‘i executive branch hokimiyatning ijroiya tarmog‘i executive privilege ijro hokimiyatining imtiyozi expansion kengayish United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 7
ENGLISH UZBEK exploration tadqiqot extraterritoriality
qilinmasligi F
faction fraksiya factors of production Ishlab chiqarish vositalari family oila
farmers fermerlar fascism fashizm
federal deficit AQSH federal byudjeti defitsiti Federal Reserve System Federal rezerv tizimi Federal System of Government Hukumatning federal tizimi federalism federalism felony og‘ir jinoyat feminist movement feministlar harakati First Continental Congress Birinchi qit’a kongressi flag bayroq
foreclosure tikilgan mulkni sotib olish huquqidan mahrum qilish foreign affairs tashqi ishlar foreign policy tashqi siyosat Four Freedoms to‘rtta erkinlik Fourteen Points “O‘n to‘rtta band” franchise imtiyoz, savlov huquqi, ovoz berish huquqi free enterprise system erkin tadbirkorlik tizimi free trade erkin savdo freedom ozodlik
freedom of expression so‘z erkinligi freedom of religion din erkinligi freedom of the press matbuot erkinligi freedom riders ozodlik chavandozlari freedom to assemble yig‘ilish erkinligi frigate fregat, qo‘riqchilik kemasi frontier chegara
fugitive qochoq
Fugitive Slave Law qochoq qullar haqidagi qonun Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Konnektikutning asosiy qonunlari G G.I Bill Oddiy askarlar haqidagi qonun Gay Rights Movement Geylarning huquqlarini himoya qiluvchi harakat gender bias jinsiga qarab kamsitish gender roles jinslarning o‘zaro munosabati
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 8
ENGLISH UZBEK generations avlodlar genocide genosid Geographic factors jug‘rofiy omillar geography jug‘rofiya Gettysburg Gettisberg Gilded Age Zarrin asr glasnost oshkoralik globalization globallashuv Gold standard oltin standart, oltin valyuta Good Neighbor Policy yaxshi qo‘shnichilik siyosati goods and services tovarlar va xizmatlar government hukumat graduated income tax o‘sib boruvchi daromad solig‘i graft
poraxo‘rlik grandfather clauses qonunning orqaga qaytish kuchi ta’sir qilmaydigan modda
Grange Movement Fermerlar harakati graph grafik
grass roots campaign Ommaviy kampaniya Great (or Connecticut) Compromise ulkan (yoki Konnektikut) murosa Great Depression Buyuk depressiya Great Migration Buyuk migratsiya Great Plains Ulkan tekisliklar Great Society buyuk jamiyat Green Revolution yashil inqilob Greenbacks dollar qog‘oz pul Grievance shikoyat uchun asos gross domestic product yalpi ichki mahsulot gross national product (GNP) yalpi milliy mahsulot (YaMM) guerilla warfare partizanlar urushi H
Harlem Renaissance Harlem uyg‘onishi hate crimes nafrat sabab qilingan jinoyatlar health care sog‘liqni saqlash high crimes o‘ta og‘ir jinoyatlar historical figures tarixiy shaxslar History tarix
holding company holding kompaniya Holocaust holokost Home Front ichki front, front orqasi Homestead Act Fermalar va yer maydonlari haqidagi qonun Hoovervilles Fanera, qutidan yasalgan kulbalar horizontal integration gorizontal integratsiya United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 9
ENGLISH UZBEK House of Burgesses Shaharliklar palatasi House of Representatives Vakillar palatasi human needs inson ehtiyojlari human resources inson resurslari human rights inson huquqlari
identify shaxsni aniqlamoq; belgilamoq illegal alien noqonuniy immigrantlar illegal immigration noqonunuy immigratsiya immigration immigratsiya Immigration Acts Immigratsiya to‘g‘risidagi qonunlar Immigration and Naturalization Service Immigratsiya va fuqarolik berish xizmati Immigration Quota Acts Immigratsiya cheklovlari to‘g‘risidagi qonun immunity immunitet impeach
lavozimdan chetlatmoq, ishonchsizlik bildirmoq impeachment lavozimdan chetlatish imperialism imperializm imperialist imperialist implied powers hukumatning Konstitutsiyadan kelib chiquvchi lekin yozilmagan vakolatlari impressment harbiy xizmatga majburlab yollash imprisonment qamoqqa tashlash income tax daromad solig‘i incumbent rasmiy lavozimni egallab turgan kishi indemnify yetkazilgan zararni qoplash indentured servants shogirdlikka olish shartnomasi bo‘yicha xizmat qilayotgan kishi independence mustaqillik Indian Wars hindular urushlari indigenous peoples tub aholi industrial sanoatga oid industrial growth sanoat o‘sishi Industrial Revolution sanoat inqilobi industrialization sanoatlashtirish industry sanoat inequality tengsizlik inflation pulning qadrsizlanishi initiative tashabbus injunction sud taqiqi installment buying kreditga tovar olish institution muassasa integrity yaxlitlik interdependence o‘zaro bog‘liqlik
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 10
ENGLISH UZBEK interment camps siyosiy qarashlaru uchun qamoqqa olingan mahbuslar uchun lager
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) AQSH Soliq boshqarmasi (SB) international xalqaro internet internet Interstate Commerce Commission Shtatlararo tijorat komissiyasi intervention aralashish investments investitsiyalar Iranian hostage crisis Eronda AQSH fuqarolarini garovga olish bilan bog‘liq tanglik
Iroquois Confederacy Irokezlar konfederatsiyasi isolationism izolyatsionizm J
Jacksonian democracy Jekson demokratiyasi Japanese-American yaponiyalik amerikalik Jeffersonian democracy Jefferson demokratiyasi Jim Crow laws qoratanlilarning huquqlarini himoya qiluvchi qonunlar jingoism shovinizm, millatchilikka asoslangan vatanparvarlik joint-stock company aksionerlik jamiyati judicial branch hokimiyatning sud tarmog‘i judicial review sud nazorati judiciary yuridik, sudga oid K
Kansas-Nebraska Act Kanzas-Nebraska qonuni Kellogg-Brand Pact Kellogg-Brend pakti Know-Nothing Party “Hech narsadan bexabarlar” partiyasi Ku Klux Klan Ku-kluks-klan L
labor mehnat
Labor Standards Act Mehnat standartlari to‘g‘risidagi qonun laissez-faire aralashmaslik land grants Davlat yerini bepul berish Land-Lease Act Yerni ijaraga olish to‘g‘risidagi qonun Last Frontier son‘ggi marra law (s) qonun(lar) leader (s) yetakchi(lar) leadership rahbarlik League of Nations Millatlar Ligagi legislation qonunchilik legislative branch qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyat United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 11
ENGLISH UZBEK legislative process qonun chiqarish jarayoni libel
tuhmat, odamning obro‘sini to‘kish life expectancy hayot davomiyligi limited government cheklangan hokimiyat line item veto har bir moddaga veto qo‘yish literacy test savodlilik imtihoni lobbying parlament a’zolariga ta’sir ko‘rsatish lobbyist parlament a’zolariga ta’sir ko‘rsatuvchi kishi local community mahalliy hamjamiyat local government mahalliy hukumat lockout
lokaut, ish beruvchilarning xodimlariga ish berishdan bo‘yin tovlashi loose constructionist markaziy hukumat vakolatlarini oshirish tarafdori Louisiana Purchase Luiziana xaridi Loyalist tarafdor, loyalist M MacArthur Constitution MakArtur Konstitutsiyasi machine politics siyosat mashinasining siyosatbozligi Magna Carta Buyuk erkinliklar xartiyasi majority rule ko‘pchilik prinsipi maldistribution notekis taqsimlash mandate
mandat Manhattan Project Manhetten loyihasi Manifest Destiny «Taqdir» siyosiy doktrinasi manufactured goods ishlab chiqarilgan tovarlar market economy bozor iqtisodiyoti Marshall Plan Marshall rejasi martial law harbiy holat, harbiy huquq Mason-Dixon Line Meyson-Dikson liniyasi Mayflower Compact Meyflauer bitimi Medicaid Kambag‘allarga bepul tibbiy yordam Medicare Hukumatning tibbiy yordam berish dasturi melting pot eritish qozoni mercantilism merkantilizm merchandising tovarni sotish sa’y-harakatlari metro area shahar aglomeratsiyasi Mexican Cession Meksikaning yon berishi Mexican Revolution Meksika inqilobi Mexican War Meksika urushi Middle Atlantic O‘rta Atlantika migration mirgatsiya military harbiy hokimiyat, harbiy xizmatchilar militia
xalq armiyasi United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 12
ENGLISH UZBEK minority kamsonli elat minutemen xalq militsiyasi askarlari misdemeanor mayda jinoyat Missouri Compromise Missuri sulhi mobilization safarbarlik monopoly monopoliya Monroe Doctrine Monro doktrinasi Montgomery Bus Boycott Montgomeri shahridagi avtobus marshrutlarini boykot qilish
Mormon Church Mormonlar cherkovi muckrakers Makreykerlar, shov-shov tarqatib fosh qiluvchilar multicultural ko‘pmadaniyatli multiculturalism ko‘pmadaniyatlilik multinational corporation transmilliy korporatsiya municipal shaharga oid, munitsipal N nation
millat, mamlakat National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Tanasi rangli aholining taraqqiyotiga ko‘maklashish milliy uyushmasi National Organization of Women (NOW) Ayollarning milliy tashkiloti (AMT) National Socialist Party Milliy sotsialistik partiya Native American Indian Amerikaning tubjoy hindusi natural resources tabiiy resurslar natural rights tabiiy huquqlar naturalization fuqarolik berish naval forces harbiy-dengiz kuchlari navigation navigatsiya necessary and proper clause AQSH Konstitutsiyasining Kongressga barcha zarur qonunlarni qabul qilish vakolatini beruvchi moddasi negotiation muzokara neutrality betaraflik New Deal “Yangi kurs” (Ruzvelt hukumatining dasturi) New Federalism Yangi federalism New Frontier Yangi chegara New York State Constitution Nyu-York shtati Konstitutsiyasi nonpartisan partiyaga taalluqli bo‘lmagan non-violence zo‘ravonlik qilmaslik normal normal
North Shimol
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Shimoliya Amerikaning erkin savdo bitimi (NAFTA) northeast shimoli-sharq northwest shimoli-g‘arb Northwest Ordinance Shimoli-g‘arb haqida qaror United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 13
ENGLISH UZBEK Nuclear families Ota-ona va farzandlardan iborat oilalar nullification bekor qilish nullify
bekor qilmoq O
oil crisis Neft tangligi Old Imperialism Eski imperializm Open door Policy «Ochiq eshiklar» siyosati open shop ochiq korxona opposition muxolifat ordinance farmon, qonun, qaror overexpansion ishlab chiqarishni keragidan ortiq kengaytirish overproduction mahsulotlarni keragidan ortiq ishlab chiqarish ownership mulk egaligi P
Pacific Northwest Tinch okeanining shimoli-g‘arbi pacifism tinchlikka tarafdorlik pardon kechirmoq, kechirish Paris Peace Accords Parij tinchlik bitimlari parliament parlament parliamentary democracy parlament demokratiyasi partitioned bo‘lingan partnerships hamkorlik. sheriklik past o‘tmish
patriotism vatanparvarlik patronage patronat peace movement tinchlik harakati peace treaty tinchlik shartnomasi persecution ta’qib qilish Persian Gulf Crisis Fors ko‘rfazi tangligi philanthropy filantropiya, xayriya faoliyati physical environment tabiiy muhit physical maps tabiiy xaritalar Plains States Tekislikda joylashgan shtatlar plantation system ekinzorlar tizimi Pledge of Allegiance sadoqat qasamyodi pluralism ko‘pfikrlilik pocket veto “cho‘ntak vetosi”, prezidentning qonun loyihasini imzolashni paysalga solishi political affairs siyosiy masalalar political boundaries siyosiy chegaralar political cartoons siyosiy karikaturalar political corruption siyosiy korrupsiya
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 14
ENGLISH UZBEK political institutions siyosiy institutlar political machine siyosiy mashina political maps siyosiy xaritalar political organization siyosiy tashkilot political party siyosiy partiya political platform siyosiy platforma political power siyosiy hokimiyat political radicals siyosiy radikal kuchlar political systems siyosiy tizimlar pol tax
jon boshiga soliq pollution ifloslanish popular sovereignty xalq suvereniteti popular vote xalqning ovoz berishi Populist Movement Populistlar harakati pork-barrel legislation Saylangan vakilning okrugiga pul keltirish maqsadida davlat harajatlarini o’zgartirishga maqsadlangan qonun post-industrial sanoat davridan keyingi post-modern post-modern postwar
urushdan keyingi poverty
qashshoqlik prairie
preriya preamble so‘zboshi, kirish qismi Preamble of the Constitution Konstitutsiyanining kirish qismi prejudice biryoqlama fikr president prezident President of the United States Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlari prezidenti President Pro-tempore (of the Senate) vaqtinchlik rais vazafasini bajaruvchi (senatda) presidio gauptvaxta, harbiy shaharcha privateer xususiy kema sardori productivity samaradorlik Progressive Movement Taraqqiyparvarlar harakati progressive tax o‘sib boruvchi soliq Prohibition taqiqlash propaganda targ‘ibot proportional representation proporsional vakillik proprietorship mulk egaligi prosperity farovonlik protect
himoya qilmoq protectionist tabiatni muhofaza qilish tarafdori, ichki bozorni himoya qilish tarafdori protective tariff himoya tarifi protectorate protektorat protest (march) norozilik (namoyishi) United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 15
ENGLISH UZBEK public education xalq ta’limi public land davlat yerlari public policy davlat siyosati pump priming davlat dotatsiyasi, iqtisodiy yordam Puritan work ethic puritanlarning ish etikasi Puritans puritanlar, o‘ta qat’iy turmush tarzi tarafdorlari pursuit of happiness baxtga intilish
Quakers kvakerlar quarantine Karantin quorum kvorum
R
racial irqiy
racial group irqiy guruh racial segregation irqiy segregatsiya racism irqchilik radical radikal
ratification parlamentda tasdiqlash, ratifikatsiya ratify tasdiqlamoq real politic real siyosat real wages real ish haqi rebate chegirma, yon berish recall chaqirib olish recession pasayish reciprocity o‘zaro almashish reconstruction qayta qurish, rekonstruksiya Red Scare Qizillar tahdidi redistribution of wealth boyliklarni qayta taqsimlash referendum referendum refugee qochoq
region mintaqa
regionalism regionalizm regulation tartibga solish religion din
religious beliefs diniy e’tiqodlar religious group diniy guruh, diniy tashkilot reparation tovon puli repeal bekor qilmoq representation vakolatxona representative vakil
representative democracy vakillik demokratiyasi representative government vakillik hukumati United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 16
ENGLISH UZBEK repression repressiya, qatag‘on republic respublika Republican respublikachi Republican Party Respublikachilar partiyasi reservations rezervatsiyalar resignation Iste’fo resolution qaror resources resurslar respect
hurmat qilmoq return to normalcy normal holatga qaytish revenue tariff moliyaviy tarif revolution inqilob, davlat to‘ntarishi rider
chavandoz rights
huquqlar rights of the accused jinoyat qilishda ayblanganlarning huquqlari Rights-Wing Groups o‘ng qanot guruhlari riot
qo‘zg‘olon river systems daryo tizimlari roads
yo‘llar Roosevelt Corollary Ruzvelt tuzatishi Rosenberg trials Rozenberg sudlari Rugged Individualism qo‘pol individualizm rule of law qonun hukmronligi rural
qishloqqa oid S
Sacco and Vanzetti case Sakko va Vanzetti ishi salutary neglect foydali iltifotsizlik Sandinistas sandinistlar satellite nation yo‘ldosh (qaram) mamlakat scabs sotqinlar, shtreykbrexerlar scandal mojaro
scarcity yetishmovchilik Scopes trial “Maymunlar” sudi secede ajralib chiqmoq secession chiqish (partiyadan) Second Continental Congress Ikkinchi qit’a kongressi sectionalism sektantlik, mahalliychilik securities qimmatli qog‘ozlar Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Qimmatli qog‘ozlar va birja komissiyasi (QQBK) sedition isyon qilishga undash Sedition Act Isyon qilishga undashga qarshi choralar to‘g‘risidagi qonun segregation segregatsiya United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 17
ENGLISH UZBEK self-determination O‘z taqdirini o‘zi belgilash Senate
Senat Seneca Falls Seneka sharsharasi separate but equal “bo‘lak, ammo teng” separation ajratish separation of church and state Cherkovning davlatdan ajratilgani separation of powers hokimiyatning taqsimlanishi settlement house xayriya muassasasi sharecropping Ijara haqqini hosildan beriladigan ulush hisobiga qoplash Shay’s Rebellion Shey qo‘zg‘oloni Sherman Anti-Trust Act Shermanning monopoliyaga qarshi qonuni Sit-in o‘tirgan ko‘y norozilik namoyishi o‘tkazish slave trade qul savdosi slave uprisings qullarning qo‘zg‘olonlari slavery qullik
slums xaroba uylar social behavior ijtimoiy xalq-atvor social contract ijtimoiy shartnoma Social Darwinism ijtimoiy darvinizm social gospel “Ijtimoiy Injil” social security ijtimoiy ta’minot social services ijtimoiy xizmatlar social tensions ijtimoiy tangliklar socialism sotsializm Socialist Party sotsialistik partiya Socialist Republics sotsialistik respublikalar society jamiyat
sociology jamiyatshunoslik soldiers askarlar South janub
sovereignty suverenitet Soviet Union Sovet Ittifoqi space race Koinot poygasi Spanish Civil War Ispaniya fuqarolar urushi spatial patterns fazoviy diagrammalar Speaker of the House Vakillar Palatasi spikeri Special Olympic paraolimpiya o‘yinlari specie tanga pul speculation fikt, taxmin, spekulyatsiya sphere of influence ta’sir doirasi spiritual beliefs diniy e’tiqodlar Square Deal “Halol kurs” United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 18
ENGLISH UZBEK Stamp Act Gerb yig‘imi haqidagi qonun Star Wars “Yulduzlar urushi” starvation ocharchilik state
shtat, davlat state action davlat hokimiyati tadbiri state government shtat hukumati state legislature shtatning qonuin chiqaruvchi hokimiyati statehood davlatchilik stereotype stereotip stewardship theory boshqaruv nazariyasi stock
fond stock market crash fond birjasi inqirozi strict construction cheklangan talqin strikes
ish tashlash submission hujjat taqdim etish subsistence farming natural xo‘jalik suburban shahar atrofi, shahar atrofida yashovchi suburbanization shahar atrofida yashovchi aholi sonining o‘shishi subversives qo‘poruvchilar suffrage savlovda ovoz berish huquqi summit
sammit, zirva super majority yuksak malakali ko‘pchilik supply and demand taklif va talab supply-side economics taklifga yo‘naltirilgan iqtisodiyot supremacy oliy hokimiyat supremacy clause federal huquqning shtatlar huquqidan ustunligi haqidagi band Supreme Court Oliy Sud surveys so‘rovlar T
Tammany Hall Tammani-holl tariff tarif (biror narsaga toʻlanadigan qat’iy baholar majmui) taxation soliq solish taxes
soliqlar Teapot Dome Scandal “Tipot Doum” janjali technological unemployment Texnologik ishsizlik technology texnologiya temperance movement Spirtli ichimliklar ichmaydiganlar harakati tenant farmer Ijarachi fermer tenement Ko‘p xonadonli uy; ijaraga olingan uy termination tugatish territory hudud
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 19
ENGLISH UZBEK terrorism terrorchilik Tet offensive Tet hujumi textile
to‘qimachilik The Federalist Papers Federalistlar hujjatlari The Zenger Case Zenger ishi third party uchinchi tomon Third World uchinchi dunyo Three-fifths Compromise beshdan uch nisbatli (3/5) murosa totalitarian totalitar town meeting shahar yoki aholi punkti majlisi trade
savdo trade deficit savdo defitsiti trade imbalance savdo balansi buzilishi trade markets savdo bozorlari tradition an’ana treason
sotqinlik, o‘ta og‘ir jinoyat treaties shartnomalar trickle down economic Boylarga yordam berish iqtisodiyoti trust
trest, ishonch trust-busting monopoliyadan chiqarish
U.S. Constitution AQSH konstitutsiyasi unalienable rights tortib olib bo‘lmaydigan huquqlar Uncle Tom’s Cabin Tom tog‘aning kulbasi unconstitutional konstitutsiyaga zid under consumption to‘liq iste’mol qila olmaslik Underground Railroad yerosti temiryo‘li Underwood Tariff Andervudning tariflar to‘g‘risidagi qonuni undocumented hujjatlashtirilmagan unemployment ishsizlik unicameral bir palatali union ittifoq
United Nations Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti upward mobility shaxsning ijtimoiy zinapoyalardan yuqori chiqib borishi urban
shagarga oid urban development shaharning rivojlanishi urbanization urbanizatsiya utilities kommunal xizmatlar
Versailles Treaty Versal shartnomasi veto veto
United States History & Government Glossary - High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 20
ENGLISH UZBEK veto override vetoni bekor qilish Vice President vitse-prezident victory
g‘alaba Vietnam
Vyetnam viewpoint nuqtai nazar Volstead Act Volsted akti vote
ovoz bermoq Voting Rights Act (1965) “Ovoz berish huquqlari to‘g‘risida”gi qonun (1965)
Wagner Act Vagner qonuni war urush
War against poverty qashshoqlikka qarshi kurash Watergate scandal Uotergeyt mojarosi wealth boylik
welfare capitalism Farovonlik kapitalizmi welfare reform Ijtimoiy ta’minot tizimini isloh qilish West G‘arb
western g‘arbiy
Whiskey Rebellion Spirt isyoni White House Oq Uy
white supremacy oqtanlilar hukmronligi wildcat strike uyushmagan ish tashlash women’s right ayollarning huquqlari Woman’s Suffrage ayollarning ovoz berish huquqi work ethic mehnat qilish odobi working class ishchilar sinfi Works Project Administration Jamoat ishlari dasturi boshqarmasi World Court Jahon Sudi world war jahon urushi worldview dunyoqarash Wounded Knee Vundid-Ni daryosi bo‘yidagi qirg‘in writ of habeas corpus shaxsning o‘zboshimchalik bilan qamoqqa olishdan himoya qilish to‘g‘risidagi sud buyrug‘i writ of mandamus da’vogarning talabini bajarish to‘g‘risida sudning amaldorga bergan buyrug‘i X Y Z
yellow journalism har xil shov-shuvlar yozuvchi jurnalistlar Yellow Peril Sariq tanliliar tahdidi yellow press sariq mabuot zoning zonalarga bo‘lish Document Outline
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