Grazing forage and/or hay needs.Use within your operation.Site selection - livestock fence and water development.Forage type and establishment.Economics.
Management Considerations Seeding and establishment.Livestock fence & water development.Irrigation.Fertilization.Grazing management.
Forages for Irrigated Pasture
Species and Variety Evaluation – North Platte
Species and Variety Evaluation – North Platte
Irrigated pasture mixture: Example 1
Establishing Irrigated Pasture
Average monthly precipitation North Platte and Torrington.
Irrigation Management Irrigation: 16 - 20“ /growing season (North Platte). Irrigation + rainfall: 32 – 36“.Crop water use: 0.20 to 0.35 inches/day.Applications at higher frequency (5 - 12 days); lesser amounts (0.50” – 1.00”).Generally applied after a paddock has been grazed.
Fertilization Seasonal-split applications: 50% early spring, 25% in summer, and 25% in fall.Spoon-feeding split applications.Applications timed with forage-need.
At least 5 to 6 pastures (paddocks). At least 5 to 6 pastures (paddocks).28 to 35 day rest periods.Flexibility in pasture movements, haying, stocking.
Using stubble height as a guide for paddock moves.
Effect of clipping stubble height on fall tiller density of 3 irrigated, cool-season perennial grasses, North Platte, 2002.
Grazing Strategies
Grazing Strategies
Grazing Strategies
Economic Considerations Annual operating costs for grazing and maintaining pastureValuing the production and comparison to other alternative usesImpact on farm program paymentsEvaluating irrigated pasture in a system
First-year seeding and pasture establishment costs for a 130-acre pivot.1
First-year fencing and livestock water development costs for a 130-acre pivot
Annual fertilizer and irrigation costs for a 130-acre pivot pasture
Total operating and amortized costs for 130-acre pivot pasture—No land, overhead or management costs (long recovery)
Total operating and amortized costs for 130-acre pivot pasture—No land, overhead or management costs (short recovery)
Value of AUM Rental value- @ $20/Cow-calf pair. CC pair = 1.4 AUMs so that translates to $14.29/AUM
- @$30/CC pair = $21.43/AUM
- Hay only @ $90/ton = $1.14/hd/day for a dry cow or $0.95/aud or $28.50/AUM (dry cow = 1.2 AU)
Value of AUM Pounds of gain for yearlings- Research at North Platte over 3 years
- Yearlings averaged 1.75 lb/head/day for about 150 days or about 668 lb/acre
- In some years did see 2 lb/head/day gain for the 150 days or about 800 lb/acre
Value of Gain (1.75 lb/hd/d) for E.WY & W. NE Prices 1992-2001 Value--May = $88.77/cwt x 6.06 cwt = $538- Interest cost for 5 months @ 5% = 11
- Total Cost of steer onto grass = $549
Value Sept/Oct = $75.44/cwt x 8.66 cwt = $653Gain in value = $653 - $549 = $104/hdValue of gain/pound = $104/260 = $0.40/lb
Value of Gain (2 lb/hd/d) for Average Prices 1992-2001 Value--May = $88.77/cwt x 6.06 cwt = $538- Interest cost for 5 months @ 5% = 11
- Total Cost of steer onto grass = $549
Value Sept/Oct $73.51/cwt x 9.06 cwt = $666Gain in value = $666 - $549 = $117/hdValue of gain/pound = $117/300 = $0.39/lb
Gross return comparisons
Other Crop Comparison
Short-term net returns
Pasture and the Farm Program - Direct payment (DP)
- Counter cyclical payment (CCP)
Both are based on the base acreage in the farm and the payment yieldBase is your historical base that existed prior to the new bill or your updated base which depends on actual plantings 1998-2001
Pasture and the Farm Program Neither base figure will be impacted by irrigated pasture unless you had some in the 1998-2001 time period and then only if you update.Payment yields are as you had prior to 2002 bill or as you update based on 1998-2001 Makes no difference what you plant. Still get these payments if available
Loan and Loan Deficiency Payment (LDP) Must have crop to receive so in times of low corn and wheat prices, growing another crop e.g. irrigated pasture will impact your paymentsLoan rates- Corn & sorghum--$1.98 will drop to $1.95 in 2004
- Wheat--$2.80 will drop to $2.75 in 2004
Remember, if LDP is in effect, prices for these commodities are low!
Evaluating irrigated pasture in a cow-calf system Use partial budgeting procedureEstimate number of cows to be carried with and without irrigated pasture- Examine forage requirements and availability by time period
- If irrigated pasture fills a shortage in your forage availability the number of animals should be affected
Estimate the change in costs of cow-calf enterprise due to the irrigated pasture
Evaluating Irrigated Pasture in a Cow-calf System - May increase number of cows that can be carried in total
- May increase productivity of cows (weaning rates and/or weaning weight)
- May reduce costs of heifer development
Compare the change in returns to change in costs see if irrigated pasture pays its way.
Evaluating Irrigated Pasture in a Cow-calf System If change in returns exceed change in costs then adding an irrigated pasture may make sense- Can I cash flow the establishment costs?
- What about costs of expanding cow operation if that is involved?
THANK YOU! (More discussion at the Bull-Pen session this evening)
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