Ruling of traditional education system in Turkistan at the end of XIX century and in the beginning of XX century

Ruling of traditional education system in Turkistan at the end of XIX century and in the beginning of XX century

XIX asr oxiri XX asr boshlarida Turkistonda an’anaviy ta’lim tizimining hukmronligi

Bu maqola Rossiya imperiyasining madrasa va musulmon maktablariga munosabati va arxiv hujjatlariga asoslangan boshqaruv siyosati haqida. Turkistondagi yangi hukumatning maorif tizimi xolis baholandi. U yerda mustamlakachilik davrida Turkiston ta’lim tizimini boshqarish va nazorat qilish to‘g‘risida muhim qaror va dasturlar berilgan. Muallif Turkistonni boshqarish va nazorat qilishda tasdiqlangan qaror va dasturlarning ta’sirini yaqqol ko‘rsatib bergan. Ularning mohiyati va davriy xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan holda ular guruhlarga bo'linadi. Turkiston viloyatining birinchi general-gubernatori K.P.ning anʼanaviy taʼlimga munosabati. Kaufmanga berildi. Rus maʼmurlarining Turkistondagi taʼlim tizimini nazorat qilishning asl maqsadi arxiv maʼlumotlari asosida aniqlandi. Shuningdek, viloyatda ta’lim tizimini yuritish bo‘yicha hukumat tomonidan tasdiqlangan barcha hujjatlar xronologik tartibda berilgan. Turkistondagi ta’lim muassasalari bo‘limi qarorlari va ularning ahamiyati tushuntirildi.

This article is about relation of Russian Empire to madrassahs and Muslim schools and ruling policy based on archive documents. Education system of new government in Turkistan was impartially assessed. Important resolutions and programs about ruling and controlling education system of Turkistan in colonial government are given there. The author showed distinctly the influence of affirmed resolutions and programs on ruling and controlling the sphere to Turkistan. Getting into consideration their essence and periodical features, they are classified into groups. The attitude to traditional education of first general-governor of Turkistan region K.P. Kaufman was given. Russian administrators’ real target of controlling system of education in Turkistan was revealed based on the archive data. And also, all affirmed documents of government on conducting education system in the region were given in chronological order. The resolutions of educational institutions department in Turkistan and their importance were clarified.

A f t e r c o l o n i z a t i o n o f T u r k i s t a n r e g i o n b y R u s s i a n e m p i r e , n e w p e r i o d i n t h e s o c i a l , p o l i t i c a l a n d
c u l t u r a l l i f e o f p e o p l e h a d b e g u n . I t i s s e e n i n c u l t u r a l - e d u c a t i o n a l s p h e r e s o f p e o p l e i n t h e
r e g i o n . C u l t u r e i n e a s t e r n s t y l e h a s f a c e d w i t h e d u c a t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s o f w e s t e r n d e v e l o p m e n t
t r a d i t i o n s . I t i s c l e a r f r o m t h e h i s t o r y t h a t a n y c a p t u r e ’ s g o a l i s t o s e t a t v a r i a n c e s o m e r e g i o n a n d
u s e n a t u r a l , t r a g i b l e a n d s p i r i t u a l t r e a s u r e f o r i t s b e n e f i t . S o , R u s s i a n o f f i c i a l d i d a l l t h e
o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o s e t a t v a r i a n c e t h e r e g i o n . W h e n R u s s i a n e m p i r e c a p t u r e d T u r k i s t a n m a i n
a t t e n t i o n w a s p a i d t o t h e e d u c a t i o n s y s t e m o f r e g i o n . T h e m a i n a i m w a s t o f o r m t h e s y s t e m o f
R u s s i a n e d u c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s a n d s p r e a d R u s s i a n l a n g u a g e a n d c u l t u r e a m o n g l o c a l p e o p l e ,
r a i s e t h e s e n s e o f d e d i c a t i o n t o R u s s i a , p r o t e c t t h e b e n e f i t s o f c o l o n i a l i s t y a n d s t r e n g t h e n i t s
p o s i t i o n i n e x t e r n a l p o l i c y . R u s s i a n g o v e r n m e n t ’ s a i m w a s t o i m p l a n t i t s p o l i t i c a l a c t i v i t y ,
i d e o l o g i c a l c o n c e p t i o n t h r o u g h e d u c a t i o n s y s t e m , t o s t r e n g t h e n i t s p r e s t i g e b y s p i r i t u a l
o p p r e s s i o n a n d t o s e t t h e r e g i o n a t v a r i a n c e . F r o m t h e f i r s t y e a r s o f c o l o n y l o t s o f p r a c t i c a l w o r k s
c a r r i e d o n c o n t r o l l i n g a n d r u n n i n g t h e n a t i o n a l e d u c a t i o n s y s t e m w h i c h w a s f o r m e d d u r i n g
c e n t u r i e s .