Scientific technical translation Some things we should learn about roundabouts

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Makhliyo Kholmuminova

Scientific - technical translation

Some things we should learn about roundabouts

Richard Webb rightly extols the virtues of roundabouts and identifies problems implementing them in the US. There is also great scope for improvement on the way they laid out in the U. I do suspect that our Department of Transport may be as intransigent as the US authorities.

I am thinking of a Swiss design that allows safe, low-speed entry and exit in all traffic conditions for all vehicles, including articulated bendy buses, with high traffic flows. This is achieved by slight curves to the arms, each a single carriageway just wide enough for bus wheels. Yellow zebra pedestrian crossings on each arm remind drivers that they don’t have priority under Swiss law and offer easy and safe passage for walkers and cyclists. In the UK, anyone crossing the arm of a roundabout is likely to be intimidated by speeding drivers, in part because it unnecessarily has two lanes.

All parties in the UK’s recent election promised to promote cycling and walking for health and climate advantage. That will be impossible unless we learn from the Swiss, not only on roundabouts, but more generally on road and path design.

№	Word	Definition	Translation	Transcription
1	Articulated	an articulated vehicle has two or more parts that are connected so that they can move in different directions at the same time	Bir necha tirgakli	ɑː(r)ˈtɪkjʊˌleɪtɪd
2	Bendy	Easy to bend	Bukiluvchan	ˈbendi
3	Curve	a shape or line with a gradual smooth bend	Egri chiziq	kɜː(r)v
4	Cyclist	someone who rides a bicycle	Velosiped haydovchilar	ˈsaɪklɪst
5	Extol	to praise someone or something in a very enthusiastic way	Maqtamoq	ɪkˈstəʊl
6	Implement	to make something such as an idea, plan, system, or law start to work and be used	Amalga oshirmoq	ˈɪmplɪˌment
7	Intimidated	feeling nervous or frightened of someone or something	Asabiy	ɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪd
8	Intransigent	refusing to change your ideas or behaviour with no good reason	Murosasiz, murosaga kelmaydigan	ɪnˈtrænsɪdʒ(ə)nt
9	Lane	a narrow road, especially in the countryside	Yo’lak	leɪn
10	Pedestrian	someone who is walking, especially in a town or city, instead of driving or riding	Piyoda	pəˈdestriən
11	Roundabout	a circular area where three or more roads meet that you have to drive around in one direction in order to get onto another road	Aylanma yo’l	ˈraʊndəˌbaʊt
12	Scope	the opportunity or freedom that is needed to do or develop something	Imkoniyat	skoʊp
13	Virtue	a good quality or habit that a person has, especially a moral one such as honesty or loyalty	Afzallik	ˈvɜː(r)tʃuː

Aylanma yo’llar haqida biz bilishimiz kerak bo’lgan ma’lumotlar

Robert Veb aylanma yo’llarning afzalliklarini to’g’ri talqin qiladi va AQSh da ular keltirib chiqarayotgan muammolarni tasniflab beradi. BB hududida ularni joriy etishni rivojlantirish uchun katta imkoniyat mavjud. Bizning Transport Departamenitimiz AQSh hukumatidek murosa qilish tarafdori ekanligigga shubham bor.

Menimcha, Shvetsariya loyihasi xavfsiz hamda ulkan tirbandlik oqimida barcha transport vositalari, hatto bukiluvchan avtobuslar uchun ham barcha sharoitlarga ega hisoblanadi. Bunga har biri avtobuslar uchun yetarlicha kenglikda bo’lgan harakat yo’llarini biroz egri qilish orqali amalga oshirildi. Har bir harakatlanish yo’lidagi sariq zebrali piyodalar harakatlanish yo’lakchasi haydovchilarga Shvetsariya qonunlariga ko’ra ularning piyodalar va velosiped haydovchilaridan ustun emasligi va ular harakatlanadigan yo’lakni xavfsiz tutishlarini eslatib turadi. BB da aylanma yo’lning biror tomonidan kesib o’tayotgan kishi tezlikni oshirgan haydovchi sabab asabiylashishi mumkin, chunki bu ba’zan har ikki tomonda sodir bo’lishi mumkin.

BB ning so’nggi saylovida barcha partiyalar sog’liq hamda ob-havo masalalari uchun piyoda yurish va velosiped haydashni keng yo’lga qo’yishga va’da bergan edi. Biz Shvetsariyaning faqatgina aylanma yo’llar haqidagi emas, balki umumiy yo’l va yo’lakchalar dizayni haqidagi qonunlariga amal qilmasak, bu ilojsiz bo’lib qolishi mumkin.

What more can the aviation industry do?

What more could the aviation industry do to reduce carbon emissions? The decision by Airbus to stop making the double-decker A380 in 2021 may need to be reviewed. This plane, particularly if configured with all seats in economy for intercontinental travel, has higher efficiency in terms fuel used per passenger per kilometer than others.

Incorporating railway stations into more airport passenger terminals would help reverse the current trend of scheduling hundreds of flights between regional airports, which may be convenient, but is more unkind to the environment than doing a final leg by train.

A jet engine’s maximum efficiency is at high throttle settings. So can we design a plane with booster engines used only for take-off, with more modest engines for cruising flight?

Running big engines for the entire flight is an absurd waste of kerosene and an abuse of the atmosphere. Clearly a new design of aircraft would be needed to stop the drag of extra engines ruining the economy gains of the concept.

№	Word	Definition	Translation	Transcription
1	Absurd	completely stupid, unreasonable, or impossible to believe	Bema’ni	əbˈsɜː(r)d
2	Aviation	the industry of making planes	Aviatsiya	ˌeɪviˈeɪʃ(ə)n
3	Booster	an extra engine on a spacecraft that gives it enough power to leave the Earth’s atmosphere	Qo’shimcha motor	ˈbuːstə(r)
4	Carbon	a chemical element that is found in all living things, and can also exist as diamonds or coal	Uglerod	ˈkɑː(r)bən
5	Configure	to arrange the parts of something, especially the software of a computer, so that it works in the way you want it to	Tartibga keltirmoq	kənˈfɪɡə(r)
6	Double-Decker	a bus that has both an upper and a lower level where people can sit	Ikki qavatli avtobus	ˌdʌb(ə)l ˈdekə(r)
7	Drag	to pull something or someone along with difficulty, for example because they are heavy	Itarmoq	dræɡ
8	Incorporate	to add or include something as a part of something else, for example as a part of an arrangement or a document	Birlashmoq	ɪnˈkɔː(r)pəreɪt
9	Jet	a plane that can fly very fast and gets its power from a jet engine	Rekativ samolyot	dʒet
10	Kerosene	A clear oil that is burnt to burnt to hear or light	Kerosin	ˈkerəsiːn
11	Passenger	someone who travels in a motor vehicle, aircraft, train, or ship but is not the driver or one of the people who works on it	Yo’lovchi	ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)
12	Ruin	to destroy or severely damage something	Vayron qilmoq	ˈruːɪn
13	Throttle	a piece of equipment that controls how fast a vehicle is moving by controlling the amount of fuel going into the engine	Nazorat qismi	ˈθrɒt(ə)l

Aviatsiya sanoati yana nimalar qilishi mumkin?

Zaharli gazlarni kamaytirish uchun aviatsiya sanoatida yana nimalar qilishimiz mumkin. 2021- yilda A380 nomli ikki qavatli avtobus shaklidagi samolyotlarni ishlab chiqarishni to’xtatish uchun Airbus kompaniyasi qabul qilgan qaror ko’rib chiqilishi kerak. Qit’alararo sayohat uchun ekonom klassi to’liq o’rindiqlar bilan jihozlangan ushbu samolyotning har kilometga bir yo’lovchi uchun sarflaydigan yonilg’isi boshqa samolyotlarga qaraganda ancha kam hisoblanadi.

Aeroportning yo’lovchilar tushadigan bekatlarini temiryo’l stansiyalari bilan bog’lash hududiy aeroportlar orasidagi qatnov jadvalining yaxshilanishiga yordam berishi mumkin, bu ancha qulay, ammo bu atrof-muhit uchun ancha zararli bo’lishi mumkin.

Qo’shimcha motor eng ko’p yonilg’i sarflanishini nazorat qiluvchi qismga ta’sir etadi. Shunday ekan biz samolyotlarni faqat uchish uchun qo’llaniladigan kuchlantiruvchi motor, yoki sayohat uchun mo’ljallangan uncha katta bo’lmagan motor bilan loyihalashimiz mumkinmi?

Butun sayohat uchun katta motorlardan foydalanish atmosferaga ziyon yetkazish va yonilg’ini bekorga sarflash hisoblanadi. Havo kemalarining yangi loyihasi iqtisodga zarar bo’luvchi qo’shimcha motorlardan foydalanishni to’xtatishga xizmat qiladi.