Tumor diseases and their medical-social aspects

TUMOR DISEASES AND THEIR MEDICAL-SOCIAL ASPECTS

Abdullaeva Oghiloy Yakubovna
Public health of Fergana
medical institute
"Utility and labor hygiene"
assistant of the department
Email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]

Abstract. In this article, the author presents tumor diseases and their spread, mortality rates, disability from tumor diseases among the population of working age, and relevant recommendations for their prevention.
Keywords. Tumor diseases, trend, cancer, prognosis, mortality rate, disability, working capacity, mammary tumor.
Enter. All over the world, there is a steady growth trend of tumor diseases, for example, in Russia, this indicator is increasing by 1.5% annually, according to 2020 data. This is explained by the early diagnosis of the disease and the aging of the population, environmental and economic reasons. Today, the rate of death from tumor diseases ranks second after cardiovascular diseases and is becoming a worldwide problem [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10].
By 2030, the number of tumor diseases recorded annually in the world will exceed 22.2 million. Such information was determined during research conducted by experts of the International Agency for Research on Tumor Diseases.
The main part. According to the WHO, tumor diseases are one of the main causes of death in the world, and in 2020, about 10 million people died. In 2020, the most common types of tumor diseases were as follows: breast tumor in 1st place - 2.26 million, lung tumor in 2nd place - 2.21 million, colon and rectal tumor in 3rd place - 1.93 million, the 4th place was prostate tumor - 1.41 million, the 5th place was skin tumor - 1.20 million, and the 6th place was stomach tumor - 1.09 million.
The death rate from tumor diseases in 2020 was recorded as follows: 1st place: lung tumor - 1.8 million, 2nd place: colon and rectal tumor - 935 thousand, 3rd place: liver tumor - 830 thousand, 4th place: stomach tumor -769 thousand, and in the 5th place, death from breast tumor was -685 thousand.
Results and discussion. Our research was conducted on the basis of the analysis of study card data of people of working age in 2020 who were recognized as primary disabled.
The results of the analysis showed that in 2020, in the city of Fergana, among the population of working age, 291 primary disabled people were found to be disabled by disease class. The first place was malignant tumors and diseases of the circulatory system - 23%, and diseases of the endocrine system - 12.4%. organized. (Figure 1).
Figure 1. The structure (%) of those diagnosed as primary disabled among the working-age population in Fergana city in 2020.
Analyzing the indicators of malignant neoplasms among the population of working age, who were recognized as primary disabled, among them, mammary tumor disability was the highest among all malignant neoplasms, 25.4%. It was found that cervical malignant tumor - 10.4%, ovarian malignant tumor - 9%, and brain malignant tumor - 7.5% are in the next highest places (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. In Fergana city in 2020, among the population of working age, the incidence rate of malignant tumors (%) of those who were recognized as primary disabled.

When the above indicators are compared with the data of 2010, disability from mammary tumor among malignant neoplasms was 21.2%, the highest among all malignant neoplasms. It was found out that ovarian, kidney, uterus, bronchus and lung, rectal malignant tumors are in the next highest places - 9.12% (Fig. 3).

Figure 3. In Fergana city in 2010, among the population of working age, the incidence rate of malignant tumors among those who were recognized as primary disabled (%).

Conclusions and recommendations. In conclusion, it should be noted that, according to WHO data and the results of statistical analysis, morbidity and disability from mammary tumors take the first place and are the highest among other tumor diseases. is coming.

In this regard, prevention of morbidity and disability from malignant neoplasms, especially mammary tumors, healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, body weight control, physical activity, avoidance of harmful habits, as well as , long-term breastfeeding reduces morbidity, disability and mortality from this disease.