= 161. 2*362 (075. 8) К211 ббк [81. 2-2 Англ + 81. 2-2 Укр] я 73

Discussion questions and exercise tasks: I. Consider your answers to the following:

1. 
   State the difference between the notions "language" and "speech".
   
2. 
   Name the basic units of language and speech. Give their definitions.
   

3. Determine the difference between "paradigmatic" and
"syntagmatic relations".

4. 
   Define the term "grammar". What are considered to be the subfields of grammar? What types of grammar can be mentioned?
   
5. 
   What is meant by a word structure as a basic language unit?
   
6. 
   In what way do the morphemes table- and -s as constituent parts of the word tables differ? What is the difference between "grammatical" and "lexical" morphemes? Are there any other types of morphemes?
   
7. 
   Name the difference between the "analytical" and "synthetic" forms of a word? Provide examples.
   
8. 
   What is the stem of a word? What types of stems can be distinguished according to their structure? Provide examples.
   

9. Exemplify the difference between such notions as
"grammeme" and "lexeme".

10. 
    Define the term "grammatical opposition". What are considered to be the "members of the opposition"?
    
11. 
    What is "grammatical category"? Provide examples of grammatical categories in English and Ukrainian languages.
    
12. 
    What is the "combinability" of a word? What types of combinability can be mentioned? Provide examples.
    
13. 
    Define the term "part of speech". Name the features characterizing a part of speech as a class of lexemes.
    

14. Mention linguistic disciplines which deal with the
contrastive study of a language. State the difference between them.

15. 
    Specify the difference between the contrastive typology and contrastive linguistics.
    
16. 
    What are language universale? Provide examples.
    

17. What is the difference between "isomorphic" and
"allomorphic features"? Provide examples considering English and
Ukrainian languages.

18. 
    How was contrastive linguistics shaped as a linguistic discipline? Mention the subject matter and main tasks of contrastive linguistics.
    
19. 
    Mention the linguists who contributed to the development of contrastive linguistics as a linguistic research direction.
    
20. 
    Specify the subject matter and the tasks of contrastive grammar as a subfield of contrastive linguistics.
    
21. 
    According to what aspects can grammatical phenomena of different languages be contrasted?
    
22. 
    Describe the methods used in contrastive language studies.
    
23. 
    Specify the nature of "contrastive analysis" method.
    

24. What is meant by the term "tertium comparationis" in
contrastive linguistics?
25. Dwell upon the issue of the parts of speech differentiation in
different languages.

26. 
    State the difference between "notional" and "functional" parts of speech.
    
27. 
    Enumerate the parts of speech in the English and Ukrainian languages; point out towards similarities and differences. Provide examples of each part of speech in Ukrainian and in English.