# Nasal Patterns of consonants and vowels for the word "sculpture" = # ccvcccv

1. Which manner of articulation will the sound be produced with the airflow channeled into the nasal passages?
# Nasal

2. Patterns of consonants and vowels for the word "sculpture" = ...................

# CCVCCCV

3. Patterns of consonants and vowels of "disestablishment" =.......

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# CVCVCCVCCVCCVCC
4.What is the characteristic of diphthongs?
# There are 2 vowel sounds.
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5. The place of articulation for /f/ is ___________. This kind of sound is made with the lower lip and the upper teeth.
# Labiodental
6. What is 'bilabial' place of articulation?
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#Using closing movement of both lips.

7. What is 'labio-dental' place of articulation?

#Using the lower lip and the upper teeth to produce a sound.

8. What is 'inter-dental' place of articulation?

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#The tongue tip is used either between the teeth or close to the upper teeth.
9. What is 'alveolar' place of articulation?
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#The blade of the tongue is used close to the alveolar ridge.
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10. What is 'post-alveloar' place of articulation?
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#The tip of the tongue is used just behind the alveolar ridge.
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11. What is 'palatal' place of articulation?
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#The front of the tongue is raised close to the palate.

12. What is 'velar' place of articulation?

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#The back of the tongue is used against the soft palate.

13. What is 'glottal' place of articulation?

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#The gap between the vocal cords is used to make audible friction.
14. What is a 'stop' in manner of articulation?
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# a stop is produced by complete closure of the oral passage and subsequent release with a burst of air (as 'p' and 'd' in 'pit' or 'dog')

15. What is a 'fricative' in manner of articulation?

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# Produced by forcing the air stream through a narrow constriction in the vocal tract to create turbulence.
16. What is a 'affricative' in manner of articulation?
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#A composite speech sound consisting of a stop and a fricative articulated at the same point (as 'ch' in 'chair' and 'j' in 'joy').
17. What is a 'nasal' in manner of articulation?
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# A type of consonant produced with a lowered velum in the mouth, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

18. What is liquid consonant?
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# Liquids, like all consonants, involve a substantial constriction of the vocal tract, but the constrictions for liquids are not narrow enough to block the vocal tract or cause turbulence
19. What is a 'Glide' in manner of articulation?
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# Glides are made with only a slight closure of the articulators, so that if the vocal tract were any more open, the result would be a vowel sound.
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20. Alveolar ridge (gum ridge) is where?

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# The ridge directly behind the upper front teeth.
21. Hard palate is what?
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# The hard, bony part of the roof of the mouth that extends from the alveolar ridge to the velum (soft palate).

22. Velum (soft palate) is what?

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# The soft, muscular rear part of the roof of the mouth that lacks any bony framework. The Velum can be raised or lowered by is own musculature.
23. How are labiodentals consonants produced?
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# are made with the lower lip against the upper front teeth.
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24. How are palatal sounds made?
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# are made with the tongue near the center of the hard portion of the roof of the mouth
25. How are affricate sounds made?
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# are made by briefly stopping the airstream completely and then releasing the articulators slightly so that friction noise is produced.
26. What are nasal stops?
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# are sounds in which the airflow in the oral cavity is completely blocked (like a stop) but the velum is lowered, forcing the air through the nasal cavity.
27. How would one produce a [θ] consonant sound?
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# A "constriction with friction" between teeth would produce a interdental (fricative) sound.
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28. How would one produce a [d] consonant sound?

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# A "complete obstruction" at the alveolar ridge will produce an alveolar (stop) sound.
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29. How would one produce a [f] consonant sound?
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# A "constriction with friction" between upper and lower lip would produce a labiodental (fricative) sound.

30. How would one produce a [ŋ] consonant sound?
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#"Complete constriction" at the velum will produce a velar (stop) sound.
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31. How would one produce a [v] consonant sound?
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# A "constriction with friction" between upper and lower lip would produce a labiodental (fricative) sound.
32. What are the Assimilation rules?
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# cause a sound to become more like a neighboring sound with
respect to some phonetic property
33. What are the dissimilation rules?
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#cause two close or adjacent sounds to become less similar with respect to some property, by means of a change in one or both sounds.
34. What are the deletion rules?
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# eliminate a sound that was present at the phonemic level.
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35. What are the strengthening rules?
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# make sounds stronger.
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36. What are the weakening rules?
# cause sounds to become weaker.
# [tʌtʃ]
38. Transcribe 'woman' using IPA symbols
#[wʊmən]
39. Transcribe 'flood' using IPA symbols
#[flʌd]
]
40. Transcribe 'prays' using IPA symbols
#[pɹeIz]
41. Transcribe 'brood' using IPA symbols
#[bɹud ]
42. Transcribe 'stood' using IPA symbols
#[stʊd]
43. Transcribe 'torch' using IPA symbols
# [tɔɹtʃ]
44. Transcribe 'move' using IPA symbols
#[muv]
45. Transcribe 'breathe' using IPA symbols
#[brið]
46. Transcribe 'lose' using IPA symbols
#[luz]
47. Transcribe 'vision' using IPA symbols
#[vɪʒən]
48. Transcribe 'price' using IPA symbols
#[praIs]
49. Transcribe 'batch' using IPA symbols
#[bætʃ]
50. Transcribe 'cough' using IPA symbols
#[kɑf]
51. Transcribe 'huge' using IPA symbols
#[hjudʒ]
52. Transcribe 'though' using IPA symbols
#[ðo]
53. Transcribe 'circus' using IPA symbols
#[sərkəs]
54. Transcribe 'raspberry' using IPA symbols
#[ræzbɛri ]
55. Transcribe 'sugar' using IPA symbols
#[ʃʊgər]
56. Transcribe 'cane' using IPA symbols
#[ken]
57. Transcribe 'larynx' using IPA symbols
#[lærɪŋks]
58. Transcribe 'pushed' using IPA symbols
#[pʊʃt]
59. Transcribe 'union' using IPA symbols
#[junjən]
60. Transcribe 'cookies' using IPA symbols
#[kʊkiz]
61. Transcribe 'slope' using IPA symbols
#[slʊp]
62. Transcribe 'sail' using IPA symbols
#[seIL]
63. Transcribe 'leisure' using IPA symbols
#[lɛʒəṛ]
64. Transcribe 'crude' using IPA symbols
#[krud]
65. Transcribe 'conscious' using IPA symbols
#[kɑnʃəs]
66. Transcribe 'fudge' using IPA symbols
#[fʌdʒ]
67. Transcribe 'action' using IPA symbols
#[ækʃəṇ]
68.  … which is mainly concerned with the functioning of phonetic units in the language.
# theoretical phonetics.
69.  The branch of phonetics that studies the linguistic function of consonant and vowel sounds, syllable structure, word accent and prosodic features, such as pitch, stress and tempo is called …
# phonology;
70. … studies the system of sound units and their function.
# phonology;
71. Count the [ ʃ ] sounds in sentence: “English Shoppers Short of Cash”.
#4
72.Give one word in line below, the underlined letter is pronounced [ ʃ ].
#chef
73. Give the word which is pronounced [u:].
#fool
74. Count the [ ʃ ] sounds in sentence: “Ambitious Scottish receptionist shoots boss”.
#4
75. The letter “C” is pronounced before these letters “i”, “e”, “y”
#[s]
76. How do you pronounce “g” in the word “message”?
# [ʤ]
76. How many syllables are there in word “fortune”?
#2
77. Is the “r” pronounced in the word “bear”?
#no
78. Give the diphthong symbol [au] below, according to the sound of the underlined letters.
#house
79. Put these sentences into the correct order. There may be more than one possibility. “humbergers (1) \ hate(2) \ eating(3) \ I (4)”!
#4,2,3,1
80. Circle the correct phonetic transcription of the word “nowhere”:
# [nəuweə]