1. Chemical compound complex compounds
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Plan 1. Chemical compound2. COMPLEX COMPOUNDS3. Specific properties of organic compounds4. Nomenclature of inorganic compounds Chemical compound It is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances through a chemical reaction . [1] [2] Chemical compounds consist of atoms in fixed proportions held together in space by chemical bonds . Chemical compounds can be molecular ( covalently bonded ), salt ( ionic bonded ), intermetallic ( metallic bonded ) or complex compounds ( donor-acceptor bonded ). Pure chemical elements are not compounds, if they consist of many atoms of one element (for example, H 2 , S 8 , etc.), such substances are called polyatomic molecules . A chemical compound is a chemical substance formed by combining atoms of one or more different elements with the help of a chemical bond. Simple substances composed of the same chemical element (mas, hydrogen N2, oxygen O2, nitrogen N2), complex substances composed of different chemical elements (mas, water N2O, ammonia NH3, sulfuric acid H2SO4, alcohol NH4OH) are Kb. An important feature of Kb is its homogeneity. It differs from mechanical injuries by this sign. Synthesis and testing of compounds is one of the most important issues in chemistry. COMPLEX COMPOUNDSCompounds containing complex - "complex" ions are called complex compounds. The formation of complex molecules from simple molecules without forming a new chemical bond or a new pair of electrons creates complex compounds. In complex compounds, valence cannot be determined based on the number of electrons received and given. Complex compounds are formed by the interaction of 2 polar molecules. For example: NH 3 + HCl = [NH 4 ]Cl crystal CaCl 2 + 8NH 3 = [Ca(NH 3 ) 8 ]Cl 2 crystal CuCl 2 + 2NH 4 OH = Cu(OH) 2 ¯ + 2NH 4 Cl blue precipitate If we add a large amount of NH 4 OH to the precipitate, the precipitate will dissolve. Cu(OH) 2 ¯ + 2NH 4 OH + 2NH 4 Cl = [Cu(NH 3 ) 4 ]Cl + 4H 2 O blue solution Fe(CN) 2 + 4KCN = K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] yellow blood salt Fe(CN) 3 + 3KCN = K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] red blood salt If the reaction conditions are changed, CrCl 3 + 6H 2 O -® [Cr(H 2 O) 6 ]Cl 3 If 1 mole of water is separated, yellow [Cr(H 2 O) 5 Cl]Cl 2 , if another 1 mol of water is separated [Cr(H 2 O) 4 Cl 2 ]Cl Download 24.49 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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