1. life of twain mark the reasons and purposes of the topic main party

§2. «The Adventures of Tom Sawyer»
«The Adventures of Tom Sawyer» Sawyer (1876), a book clearly based on the author's childhood years in Hannibal, renamed St. Petersburg. At the time of writing Tom Sawyer, Twain's uncertainty about his purposes was signaled by the fact that he changed his mind over who the book was intended for, adults or children. “It is not a boy's book at all,” he wrote to his friend William Dean Howells, “It will only be read by adults.” But then he announced, in his preface, “my book is intended mainly for the entertainment of boys and girls. I hope that it will not be shunned by men and women on that account.” That uncertainty is then registered in the narrative. There is immediacy in some of the language, but there is distance in much of it, an attempt to sound sophisticated, mature, refined: characters do not spit, for example, they “expectorate,”clothes are“accoutrements,” breezes are “zephyrs,” buildings are “edifices.” There is the stuff of childhood fantasies (the delicious thrill of overhearing regretful adults mourn your untimely death, bogeymen, the discovery of treasure) and the staple of adult discourse (the tale of Tom and Becky, for instance, is a parody of adult courtship).
There is the tendency, on the part of the anonymous narrator, to be ironic and patronizing about the “simple-hearted” community of St. Petersburg and its “small plain” buildings. And there is also an impulse toward elegy, toward seeing that very same place as “a Delectable Land, dreamy, reposeful, and inviting.” The only attempt to resolve these contradictions is also the one Twain resorts to in Life on the Mississippi: to impose on his material the notions of personal development and social betterment - in other words, the myth of progress. Tom turns out to be, in the words of his Aunt Polly, not “bad, so to say - only mischeevous.” By the end of the story, he has shown his true mettle by assuming the conventional male protective role with Becky and acting as the upholder of social justice. The integrity and sanctity of the community is confirmed, with Tom's revelation of the villainy of Injun Joe and the killing of the villain. And Tom is even ready, it seems to offer brief lectures on the advantages of respectability: “we can't let you into the gang if you ain't respectable, you know,” he tells his friend, Huck Finn. That this attempt to resolvethe divisions of the narrative is less than successful is evident from the fact that Tom Sawyer, like Life on the Mississippi, is interesting precisely because of its discontinuity.
It is also implicit in the author's intuitively right decision to give equal weight at the end of the story to the voice of the outlaw, Huck, as he tries to resist Tom's persuasions. “It ain't for me; I ain't used to it,” Huck tells Tom: “It's awful to be tied up so.