Variables
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Measurements and Items Included
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Survey Version
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Tourism inputs
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Tourists' characteristics
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Nine items (open-ended or categorical format): country, age, gender, education, past experience in nature-based tourism
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Pre
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Motivations
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One open-ended question, “What is your primary reason for taking this Antarctica trip?”
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Pre
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Perceived importance of trip characteristics (PITC)
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Seven items (11-point Likert scale from “not important at all” to “extremely important”): guides and operator experience, vessel amenities, itinerary, operators support for conservation, educational and interpretative opportunities
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Pre
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Experiential outputs
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Perceived Learning
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Seven items (11-point Likert scale from “nothing at all” to “a huge amount”): self-reported learning about continents' origin, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, human history, human impacts, and policy
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Post
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Measured Learning
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Eight true/false quiz questions based on Antarctic tour operators' websites: Antarctic ecological, historic, geology, and management
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Pre/post
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Satisfaction
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Six items (11-point Likert scale from “not satisfied” to “extremely satisfied”): visitor satisfaction with interpretation and education opportunities, length of journey, activities, and excursions, itinerary, and overall service
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Post
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