1. The purpose and tasks of the discipline "Tourism: theory and practice"

International Tourist Arrivals (% change over 2019)

Tourism in Russia

300,0
274,6
283,2
275,6
253,0
250,0
212,2 216,8
200,0
166,2
173,6
184,0
172,6
191,2
150,0
100,0
61,6
71,5
76,0
66,5
44,2
49,3
54,4
47,4
50,0
37,4
41,1
42,6
0,0
2011 г. 2012 г. 2013 г. 2014 г. 2015 г. 2016 г. 2017 г. 2018 г. 2019 г. 2020 г. 2021 г.
Численность размещенных лиц, млн человек
Число ночевок, млн

Travel & Tourism

• Travel has a thousands of years pedigree;
• Travel for leisure, educational or health goals came in 18th century;
• In the 19th century railways made travel opened up for the general population;
• In the first half of the 20th century two world wars stopped tourism expansion;
• In the 1950s, tourism received a new qualitative and quantitative development, and the World Tourism Organization was established.

DEFINING TOURISM

• Tourist is traveler to the destination;
• International tourism is tourism that crosses national borders;
• Domestic tourism is tourism  involving residents of one country traveling only within that country.

Classification of inbound travelers

Forms of tourism:

• Domestic tourism;
• Outbound tourism;
• Inbound tourism.

Tourism categories

• Internal tourism, which includes domestic tourism and inbound tourism – that is, the activities of resident and non-resident visitors within a country as part of domestic or international trips;
• National tourism, which is the sum of domestic tourism and outbound tourism – that is, the activities of resident visitors within and outside the reference country as part of either domes- tic or outbound trips;
• International tourism, which covers inbound tourism and outbound tourism – namely the activities of resident visitors outside the country of reference either as part of domestic or outbound trips and the activities of non-resident visitors within the country of reference on inbound trips.