150 farg‘ona vodiysi o‘tloqi saz tuproqlari va sho‘rxoklarining geokimyoviy xususiyatlari
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEADOW SAZ SOILS AND
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- Educational Research in Universal Sciences ISSN: 2181-3515 VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 4 | 2022
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GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEADOW SAZ SOILS AND
SALINES OF FERGANA VALLEY ABSTRACT In the irrigated lands of the Fergana Valley, irrigation, seepage and soil solution, formation, movement and accumulation of salts in the soil are integral components of Educational Research in Universal Sciences ISSN: 2181-3515 VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 4 | 2022 https://t.me/Erus_uz Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal September, 2022 151 a chain, and it is important to study them together in a comprehensive way in solving reclamation problems. In the process of soil formation, especially in the conditions of the irrigated soils of the valley, in the formation of the optimal groundwater regime and balance, the role of groundwater is particularly great, and it has a comprehensive effect on the formation of saline soils. it serves as a means of collecting salts and expelling them from the territory of the areas that are irrigated and washed by their flow. The mechanical composition of soils is important in the movement, redistribution and accumulation of salts dissolved in water in the vertical and horizontal directions along the soil profile, as well as in the process of salt washing, therefore, in the analysis of the processes of salt accumulation and secondary salinization in irrigated lands, and in the assessment of the soil-ameliorative-ecological condition. The special importance is given to the mechanical composition of the soil, it is considered as one of the main factors in soil salinity. Key words: Fergana Valley, salinization, geochemistry, mechanical composition, agrochemistry, genesis, gypsum, desertification, grunt, saline. KIRISH Adabiyot manbalarida ta’kidlanishicha sho‘rlangan tuproqlar deb o‘zining profilida qishloq xo‘jalik o‘simliklariga toksik ta’sir ko‘rsatuvchi miqdorda suvda oson eruvchi tuzlar ushlagan tuproqlarga aytiladi. Ularga sho‘rxoklar, sho‘rxoklashgan va sho‘rtoblashgan tuproqlar kiradi. Sho‘rlangan tuproqlar asosan quruq va jazirama iqlim sharoitidagi cho‘l, yarimcho‘l zonalarida va oqimsiz botiqlik- depressiyalarda, jumladan O‘rta Osiyoda juda keng tarqalgan. Respublikamizda sho‘rlangan tuproqlar maydoni jami sug‘oriladigan yerlarning taxminan 60% ini tashkil etadi. Tuproq sho‘rlanishining birlamchi, ikkilamchi, mavsumiy, dog‘li ko‘rinishidagi va yoppasiga sho‘rlanish hamda tuzlarning to‘planishiga ko‘ra yuza va chuqur sho‘rlangan turlari ajratiladi. Tuproq sho‘rlanishining shakllanish vaqti bilan bog‘liq hozirgi-zamonaviy qoldiq va relikt tuproq sho‘rlanishi, tuzli gorizontlarning tuproq profilida joylashish o‘rni, qatlam qalinligi va sho‘rlanish darajasiga ko‘ra sho‘rxok va sho‘rxokli, yuqori sho‘rxoklashgan va sho‘rlanmagan ayirmalarini mavjud tuzlar ximizmiga ko‘ra esa xloridli, sulfat-xloridli, xlorid-sulfatli va sulfatli tuproq sho‘rlanishi turlari ajratiladi. |
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