8 – laboratoriya ishi marshrutizatorlarda nat, pat texnologiyasini so

Dinamik NAT - ro'yxatdan o'tmagan IP manzilni ro'yxatdan o'tgan IP-
manzillar guruhiga translatsiya qilishdan iborat.
Dinamik NAT ning Statik NAT dan farqi shuki, bu yerda bir nechta xususiy
(Private) adresga bir nechta ommaviy (public) adreslar to‘gri keladi. Ushbu holatni amalga oshirish uchun access list va Pool dan foydalanimiz
Dinamik NAT bo`yicha ishni bajarish tartibi

8.6 – rasm. Dinamik NAT tamoyili asosida qurilgan tarmoq tuzilishi

Birinchi navbatda Router1 va Router2 larga statik ip route beriladi. Chunki internet qismidagi adreslarni oldindan bilmaymiz.

Router1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.11.11.2
Router2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.11.11.1
195.158.1.1 dan 195.158.1.10 gacha public IP adreslarni tarqatishimiz
uchun TATU nomli Pool yaratamiz.
Router(config)#ip nat pool TATU 195.158.1.1 195.158.1.10 netmask
255.255.255.240
LAN tarmoqlar ichida aynan 192.168.1.0/24 tarmoq internetga chiqishi
uchun Access list foydalanamiz
Router1(config)#access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
Access list ni TATU nomli yaratilgan NAT ga biriktiramiz.
Router1(config)#ip nat inside source list 10 pool TATU
Router ning kirish va chiqish portlariga NAT ni biriktiramiz
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat inside
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)#ip nat outside
Router1(config-if)#exit

Router1# show ip nat translations

Router1#show running-config

8.7-rasm. Manzillarni translatsiyasi bo’yicha olingan natijalar

3. NAPT, NAT Overload, PAT

PAT- dinamik NATning bir shakli bo'lib, bir nechta ro'yxatdan o'tmagan manzillarni turli xil portlardan foydalangan holda bitta ro'yxatdan o'tgan IP manzilga translatsiya qilishdan iborat.
PAT bo`yicha ishni bajarish tartibi

8.5 – rasm. PAT tamoyili asosida qurilgan tarmoq tuzilishi

Router1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2
Router1(config)#ip nat pool nad_pat 195.158.1.1 195.158.1.4 netmask 255.255.255.240
Router1(config)#access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
Router1(config)#ip nat inside source list 10 pool nad_pat overload
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat inside
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router(config-if)#ip nat outside
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#end

Router#copy run startup-config
Router 2 konfiguratsiyasi
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.1

LAN tarmog`idagi barcha Private adreslar bitta 195.158.1.1 Public adres orqali translatsiya bo`ladi faqat port har xil.

Nazorat savollari
1. Manzillarni translatsiya qilish (NAT) usullarini keltiring?
2. Statik NAT Dinamik NAT dan qanday farqlanadi?
3. PAT ning ishlash prinsipini tushuntirib bering
4. Tarmoqda qanday turdagi manzillar mavjud