d-linzadan buyumgacha , -linzadan tasvirgacha bo`lgan masofa
haqiqiy tasvirda kattalashtirish ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
haqiqiy tasvirda kichiklashtirish
mavhum tasvir uchun kattalashtirish
H
2F F F 2F 2F F F 2F h
h H
d f
kichiklashgan tasvir tasvir hosil bo`lmaydi mavhum tasvir
haqiqiy ,teskari kesishmaydi kattalashgan, to`g`ri
H-buyumni balandligi,h-tasvir balandligi H
7.Botiq linza(sochuvchi linza) 2F F F 2F
a)Sochuvchi linzada har doim kichiklashgan,mavhum, h
to`g`ri tasvir hosil bo`ladi.Optik kuchi manfiy bo`ladi.
b)sochuvchi linzada kichiklashtirish ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
8.Ko`zoynak(odam ko`zi haqiqiy,teskari,kichiklashgan tasvir hosi qiladi).
a)sog`lom ko`z yaqindan ko`rarlik uzoqdan ko`rarlik
sochuvchi linza yig`uvchi linza kerak
1. eng yaxshi ko`rish masofasi
2.Ko`zoynakning optik kuchi
9.Yassi ko`zgu(odam ko`zguda o`zini to`liq tasvirini ko`rishi uchun ko`z-gu o`lchami kamida odam o`lchami yarimiga teng bo`lishi kerak).
a)odam ko`zguga qanday tezlikda yaqinlashsa odam tasviri ham ko`z-guga shunday tezlik bilan yaqinlashadi.
10.Sferik linzalar.
11.Sindirish ko`rsatkichi bo`lgan shisha,sindirish ko`rsatkichi muhitga joylashtirilgan bo`lsa fokus masofa
12.Yorug`lik to`lqinlari.
1.Interfrentsiya-chastotalari bir xil va fazalar farqi o`zgarmas to`lqin-larning fazoda qo`shilib kuchayishi yoki susayishiga aytiladi.
2.Kogerent to`lqinlar-chastotasi bir xil fazalar farqi o`zgarmas to`lqin
3.Optik yo`llar farqi juft bo`lsa maksimum,toq bo`lsa minimum.
a)Maksimum , Minimum
b)Fazalar farqi
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |