About (haqida, taxminan, deyarli, atrofida) To be about
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phrases (1)
The Preposition Predlog
About (haqida, taxminan, deyarli, atrofida) To be about (to) They were about to leave when I came. (nimadir qilishga) taraddudlanmoq taraddudlanayotgan edilar
The method suggested by me brought about Olib kelmoq, ushaltirmoq a great increase in the output of our shop. Men tomonimdan taklif etilgan usul seximizda isyhlab chiqarishning oshishiga olib keldi. To be angry (annoyed,furious) about smth. Biror narsadan achchiqlanmoq To be excited (worried, upset, nervous, happy) about -dan hayajonlanmoq (tashvishlanmoq, kayfiyati buzilmoq, asabi buzilmoq, baxli bo’lmoq) To bring about erishmoq, olib ketmoq. To see about qaramoq, ko’z-quloq bo’lmoq. To be sorry about uchun kechirim so’ramoq. To complain about (smb/smth) haqida shikoyat qilmoq
( ustida, yuqori, ko’proq, quyida, ) 1. ustida : antonym-below. The airplane flew above the clouds. Samolyot bulutlardan yuqori uchdi. 2. dan oshiq: antonym-under. There were above 200 people there. U yerda 200 dan oshiq kishi bor edi. Across ( orqali, narigi tomon) To come (run) across I came across an old friend when I was in Tasodifan duch kelmoq, Tashkent. After (keyin)
Antonym – before. After all oxir oqibat; axir (в конце концов). Day after day kundan kunga. The day after tomorrow indin kun Long after uzoq vaqtdan so’ng Not long after ko’p o’tmay To name after somebody kimningdir nomini bermoq. 79
Look after qarab turmoq, ko’z-quloq bo’lmoq. take after -ga taqlid qilmoq, o’xshamoq. Against (qarshi)
To insure smth against smth -ni … -dan sug’urtalamoq To lean against something biror narsaga suyanmoq To strike one’s foot (head) against something oyog’ini (boshini ) nimagadir urib olmoq.
hujjatlarga qarshi (asoslanib). Along (buylab, yoqalab) He ran along the road U yo’l buylab yugurdi. Ravish sifatida: Come along. Ketdik.
How are you getting along? Ishlaringiz yaxshimi? I knew it all along. Men buni boshidan bilardim. To go along with
Kelishmoq. Among (3 yoki undan ortiq shaxs yoki predmet orasida, asosan ma’lum bir guruh orasida) Our house is among many trees Bizning uyimiz ko’plam daraxtlar orasida. Ma’lum guruh orasidagi munosabatda ishlatiladi. Kamdan kam amongst; The work was divided among the students Ish bizning universitetimiz talabari of our university. o’rtasida taqsimlandi. At (oldida, yonida, -da) 1. Joyni ifodalash uchun: a) oldida, yonida ma’nosida: She is standing at the window. U deraza yonida turibdi. He stopped at the door. U eshik oldida to’xtadi. b) -da ma’nosida, kichik shaxarcha, qishloq, binolar va biror voqealar oldidan: He was born at Klin U Klinda tug’ilgan.
v) -da ma’nosida, davlat tashkilotlari, bilim yurtlari kabi odamlar to’planadigan joylar nomlari oldidan, bir nuqta deb qaralganda: 80
I’ll see him at the theatre tonight. Men bu kecha uni teatrda ko’raman. Lekin: (bino ichi nazarda tutilganda) The meeting took place in the theatre. Yig’ilish teatrda o’tdi. 2. vaqtni ifodalash uchun: He will return at 7 o’clock. U soat 7 da keladi. He left the house at noon. U uydan peshin chiqib ketdi. She left the room at the end of the lesson. U xonadan darsning oxirida chiqib ketdi.
Mo’ljalga olmoq. To arrive at Etib kelmoq (qandaydir bir kichik shaxar yoki joyga)
(Qayergadir) kirmoq To hint at (Nimagadir) shama qilmoq To knock at Taqillatmoq To laugh at Ustidan kulmoq To look (glance) at Qaramoq (boqmoq) To shout at Baqirmoq (jahl bilan) Lekin: shout to baqirib chaqirmoq.
Otarmoq.
Lekin: He throw a stone at the dog. He throw a stone into the water (river).
Baholamoq. To work at Ustida ishlamoq. To rejoice at Xursand bo’lmoq. To wonder at Hayron bo’lmoq. To be surprised at Hayron bo’lmoq. To take smb at his word so’zidan ushlamoq To be shocked (amazed, astonished) at (by) Dan larzaga kelmoq ( ajablanmoq, hayratlanmoq)
Iboralar: At the age (of) yoshida At the beginning boshida At all costs nima qilib bo’lsa ham At dinner (supper, tea) tushlikda At somebody’s disposal kimningdir ixtiyorida At the end oxirida At the expense (of) hisobidan At first boshida, birinchi At the head (of) boshida ( boshliq) At home uyda At least hech bo’lmaganda At last nihoyat At (the) latest eng so’nggi At a low (high) price past (yuqori) narxda At (the) most eng ko’pida At night tunda At one’s option kimningdir ixtiyoriga ko’ra
At once birdaniga, zudlik bilan At the rate (of) hajmda At any rate nima bo’lganda ham At the request (of) talabiga ko’ra At a salary (of) maosh bilan At somebody’s service kimdir xizmatida At first sight bir ko’rishda At a speed (of) tezlik bilan At a time bir baqtning o’zida At this (that, the same) time shu (o’sha, ayni) paytda At 3 o’clock/at 3:00 soat 3 da At Christmase/Easter/the weekend At sunset/sunrise quyosh chiqayotganda/ quyosh botayotganda At the moment ayni paytda At the top of one’s voice bor ovozi bilan
To be at war urushda bo’lmoq 81
At times ba’zida at corner muyulishda At the front (back) oldinda (orqada) at sea dengizda (sayohatda) Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius. Suv 100 gradus selsida qaydaydi. Before (oldin)
1. vaqt ifodalashda, oldin, ilgari ma’nolarida (antonym- after): I shall finish my work before five o’clock. Men ishimni 5 dan oldin tugataman. We shall have a walk before dinner. Biz tushlikdan oldin aylanib kelamiz. 2. joyni ifodalash uchun, oldida ma’nosida (antonym - behind): He stopped before a bookshop. U kitob do’koni oldida to’xtadi. There are very many important tasks before us. Bizning oldimizda juda muhim vazifalar bor. Iboralar:
kimningdir ko’z oldida. Behind ( orqada, orqasida) Antonym – before, in front of He sat behind me. U mening orqamda o’tirdi. Gapda ba’zan ravish bo’lib ham keladi: They were walking behind. Ular orqadan kelishayotgan edilar. Iboralar:
Antonym - above He signed his name below mine. U familiyasini menikidan fastda yozib qo’ydi. 82
Ravish bo’lib ham keladi: The prices of the goods are stated below. Tovarlar narxlari pastda ko’rsatilgan.
( yonida, yaqinida, atrofida) 1. yonida: He was sitting beside me. U men bilan o’tirgan edi. The house stood beside the river. Uy daryo yonida joylashgandi. 2. o’zida bo’lmaslik: He was beside himself with joy/rage. U o’zida yo’q xursand/achchig’i chiqqan edi. Iboralar: Beside the purpose maqsadsiz, Beside the nature g’ayritabiiy Besides ( dan tashqari; qo’shimcha ma’nosida) I have read some articles on this subject Men bu mavzuda siz bergan besides the books you gave me. kitoblardan tashqari yana bir nechta kitob o’qidim. Ravish bo’lib ham keladi: I don’t like this suit-case; besides, it’s too small. Menga bu chemodan menga yoqmaydi; bundan tashqari u judayam kichkina.
( orasida; ikki kishi,(taqqoslashda ba’zan uch yoki undan ko’proq) predmet, vaqt joy yoki guruhga nisbattan ishlatiladi) This ship makes regular voyages between Bu kema Odessa va Batumi o’rtasida doimiy qatnov-
Odessa and Batumi. ni amalgam oshiradi. What are differences between mts, beeline, MTS, beeline, perfectum va ucell o’rtasida qanday farq perfectum and ucell? bor?
( narigi tomonda, narida) The village is beyond the river. Qishloq daryoning narigi tomonida joylashgan. He lives beyond the bridge. U ko’prikning narigi tomonida yashaydi. 83
Iboralar: Beyond belief g’aroyib Beyond doubt shubhasiz Beyond hope umidsiz Beyond one’s expectations kimningdir kutganidan ortiq beyond one’s strength (power) kimningdir kuchi yetmaydigan beyond one’s understanding kimningdir tushunishidan narida. It is beyond me bu mening tushunchamdan narida. By (tomonidan, orqali, -da, yonida, oldida) 1. tomonidan: “Anna Karenina” was written by Tolstoy. “Anna Karenina” Tolstoy tomonidan yozilgan. This machine is driven by electricity. Bu mashina elektr toki yordamida ishlaydi. 2. orqali: He improved his pronunciation by reading aloud. U o’z talaffuzini baland ovozda o’qish orqali yaxshiladi. 3. –da: They had discharged the steamer by three o’clock. Ular paroxod yukini soat 3 da bo’shatishdi. 4. a) yonida, oldida: He was sitting by the window. U deraza yonida o’tirgan edi. The house stood by the river. Uy daryo oldida joylashgandi. b) yonidan (past): He walked by me without saying a word. U yonimdan bir so’z aytmay o’tib ketdi. Ravish bo’lib ham keladi: He walded (drove, ran) by without looking at me. U yonimdan menga qaramay o’tib ketdi (mashinada, yugurib).
bo’lish (ko’paytirish) To increase (decrease, rise, exceed) by oshmoq (kamaymoq, ko’tarilmoq, yuksalmoq).
hukm qilmoq To mean by ma’noni anglamoq. To take (seize, hold, pull) by -dan olmoq (tutmoq, ushlamoq, tortmoq)
tirikchilik qilishga muvaffaq bo’lmoq.
84
By chance tasodifan. 6 metres by 8 metres 6 metrga By day (night) kunduz kuni (tunda) 8 metr.
By the day (the week) kunlik (haftalik) By heart yoddan. By land (sea, air) quruqlik (suv, havo) orqali. By (electric) light elektr nuri By means of vositasida yordamida. By all means nima bo’lganda ham. By mistake adashib By retail (wholesale) donalab (ulgurji,optom) Step by step qadam ba qadam By train (tram, bus, ship) poez( tramvay, avtobus, kema)da By the way (by the by) aytgancha. By the weight (the litre, the By then o’shanda kilogram) og’irlik (litr, kilogram) da By profession kasbi bo’yicha Down (pastga) He went down the stairs. U zinadan pastga tushdi. He ran down the hill. U tog’dan pastga yugurdi. Ravish bo’lib ham keladi: I looked down and saw him. Men pastga qaradim va uni ko’rdim. Iboralar: To lie down cho’zilmoq, yotmoq. To sit down o’tirmoq. To write down Yozib olmoq. Up an down u yoqdan bu yoqqa Down to gacha. Upside down teskari To bring down the price narxni tushirmoq. During (mobaynida) During my stay in Tashkent I visited Toshkentdaligimda ko’plab muzeylarga many museums. kirdim.
During the last three months he has made Oxirgi 3 oy mobaynida u nemis tilida katta great progress in German. yutuqlarga erishdi. Except (-dan tashqari) ajratib ko’rsatish uchun Everybody is ready except you. Sizdan tashqari hamma tayyor. He goes there every day except Sunday. U yakshanbadan tashqari har kun u yerga boradi.
(uchun, -ga) 1. uchun: This letter is for you. Bu xat siz uchun. 85
2. –ga: a) I bought this book for five sums. Men bu kitobni 5 so’mga oldim. They haven’t paid for the goods yet. Ular tovarga hali haq to’lashmadi. b) against ga antonym : I’m for you proposal. Men sizning taklifingizni yoqlayman. c) sabab: He was rewarded for his bravery. U mardligi uchun mukofotlandi. d) maqsad: I sent him for the doctor. Men uni shifokorga yubordim. I’ll call for you. Men sizning ortingizdan kiraman. 3. vaqtni ifodalash uchun: a) mobaynida: I’ll stay here (for) two hours. Men bu yerda 2 soat bo’laman. b) –ga: He went to the Caucasus for three weeks. U Kavkazga 2 haftaga ketdi.( 2 haftralik) For ni talab qiladigan fe’llar:
nimadir so’ramoq, kimnidir so’ramoq. To be bound for Yo’llamoq, yo’nalishida bo’lmoq. To care for yoqtirmoq. To call for nima uchundir kirmoq. To exchange for -ga almashtirmoq. To hope for -ga umid qilmoq. To be late for -ga kech qolmoq. To leave for -ga jo’nab ketmoq. ( lekin: leave Tashkent Toshkentni tark etmoq Leave for Tashkent Toshektnga jo’nab ketmoq) To look for qidirmoq. To prepare for
-ga tayyorlanmoq. To sail for -ga suzib ketmoq. To start for -ga yo’l olmoq. To wait for kutmoq To be sorry for doing something biror narsa qilgani uchun afsuslanmoq To feel (to be ) sorry for somebody biror kishiga achinmoq A contract (order, cheque, invoice) for -ga shartnoma (buyurtma, chek, hisob) Demand for -ga talab. Negotiations for haqida muzokara. Respect for -ga hurmat. To be ready for -ga tayyor bo’lmoq To thank for uchun rahmat aytmoq To promote for -ga rag’batlantirmoq To marry for love (money) sevib (pul uchun) turmushga chiqmoq/uylanmoq To mistake for smb -ga o’xshatmoq/bilan adashtirmoq To reproach smb for/with smth kimdandir, nima uchundir o’pkalamoq, ta’na qilmoq. 86
To have smth for breakfast (dinner, lunch) nonushtaga biror narsa yemoq To offer smth for sale biror narsani sotuvga chiqarmoq To be good for smb or smth bir kishi yoki narsa uchun foydali bo’lmoq Word for word so’zma so’z To ask for a date uchrashuvga taklif qilmoq Iboralar:
vaqt movaynida. In return for ning o’rniga For the first (last) time birinchi (oxirgi) marta. From (dan)
Antonym – to. 1. –dan:
He took the book from the shelf. U kitobni jovondan oldi. 2. –dan beri: I shall stay in the library from five till seven. Men kutubxonada soat 5 dan 7 gacha bo’laman. I lived there from 1985 till 2007. Men u yerda 1985 yildan 2007 yilgacha yashaganman.
The sun appeared from behind the clouds. Quyosh bulutlar ortidan ko’rindi. Take a sheet of paper from under these books Ana bu kitoblar tagidan bir varaq ol.
eshitmoq
-dan olib turmoq. -dan hukm chiqarmoq. -dan tarjima qilmoq
Mening (uning) nuqtai nazarim bo’yicha In (ichida)
87 1. –da; o’rin ma’nosida: The pencil is in the box. Qalam quti ichida. We live in Bukhara. Biz Buxorada yashaymiz. 2. –da; vaqt ma’nosida; They will arrive in May. Ular mayda kelishadi. He was born in 1989. U 1989 yilda tug’ilgan. -dan keyin: He will return in a week. U bir haftadan keyin qaytadi. -ichida: The house was built in three months. Uy uch oy ichida qurildi. Ravish bo’lib kelganda: To come (go, walk, get) in kirmoq.
To run in qochmoq. To drive in haydab ketmoq. To fly in uchib ketmoq. In ni talab qiladigan fe’llar: To arrive in yetib kelmoq. To deal in nima bilandir savdo qilmoq. To end in nima bilandir tugamoq. To be engaged in n.b-r. shug’ullanmoq. To include in -ni o’z ichiga olmoq To result in -ga olib kelmoq. To succeed in n,n-r. eplamoq, -da muvaffaqiyatga erishmoq To take part (to participate) in ishtirok etmoq.
Dressed in kiyinmoq. Rich in -ga boy. To be in the habit (of) odatlanmoq. To be in love (with) k.n-r sevib qolmoq. To be in need (of) –da muhtoj bo’lmoq. To be interested in –ga qiziqmoq. To be in uyda, ishda bo’lmoq. To glory in smth faxrlanmoq Iboralar: In the rain yomg’irda Download 1.44 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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