bank account? How much money do other companies or peo-
ple owe me? How much money do I owe other people or com-
panies?
The fundamental equation of accounting underlies the bal-
ance sheet. It looks like this:
assets = liabilities + equity
assets – liabilities = equity
assets – equity = liabilities
The physical layout of the balance sheet matches the first
equation:
assets = liabilities + equity
This makes logical sense: the value of what the company
owns (assets) minus the value of what the company owes (lia-
bilities) leaves you with what the company is worth (equity).
The Equations and the Normal Accounts
This table illustrates how the income equation balances if we
enter our transactions properly on the normal side of each
account.
This table illustrates how the balance sheet equation—that
is, the fundamental equation of accounting—balances properly
if we enter our transactions on the normal side of each account.
How to Speak Accounting
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