Aims,principles and content of teaching foreign languages b by Kidirbayeva Aynura The aims of foreign language teaching are threefold: Practical, Educational and Cultural

Aims,principles and content of teaching foreign languages

b by Kidirbayeva Aynura

The aims of foreign language teaching are threefold: Practical, Educational and Cultural.

The practical aim

the acquisition of a FL as a means of communication. Practical aims cover habits and skills which pupils acquire in using a foreign language.
A habit is an automatic response to specific situations, acquired normally as a result of repetition and learning.
A skill is a combination of useful habits serving a definite purpose and requiring application of certain knowledge.

The educational aim

Educational aim learning a foreign language is of great educational value. Through a new language we can gain an insight into the way in which words express thoughts, and so achieve greater precision in our communications. Since language is connected with thinking, through foreign language study we can develop the students' intellect. Teaching a foreign language helps the teacher develop the students' voluntory and involuntory memory, her imaginative abilities, and will power. Indeed the student should memorize words, idiorns,sentence patterns, structures and keep them in long — term memory, ready to be used wheriever she needs them in listening, speaking, reading and writing. Teaching foreign language under the conditions when this is the only foreign language environment,is practicailly impossible without appealing to students, imagination

Cultural aim

Cultural aim learning the foreign language makes,the students acquainted with the life, customs and traditions of the people whose language they study through visual materials and reading materials dealing with the countries where the target language is spoken. Foreign language, teaching should promote students general educational and cultural growth by increasing knowledge about the foreign countries, and by acquainting them with progressive traditions of the people whose language they study.Through learning a second language the students gain a deeper insight into the nature and functioning,of the language as a social phenomenon.

Content of FLT

The first component is habits and skills which pupils should acquire, that is (listening comprehension, speaking, reading and writing).

The second component is a linguistic one. It includes:

Language material (sentence-patterns, pattern-dialogues, texts)

Linguistic material, i.e. phonology, grammar and vocabulary

Content of FLT

The third component is a methodological component, i.e. the techniques which pupils should acquire to learn the FL in a most effective way. The content of teaching is laid down in the syllabus and realized in teaching materials and in the teacher’s own speech.

The third componentof what “what to teach” is a methodological component i.e.pupils should be taught how to learn the foreign language, how to work at he subject to attain the aims.

Content of FLT

• To sum up, the content of foreign language teaching involves three main components:
• 1. Psychological components: habits and skills which ensure the use of the target language as a means of communication in oral (hearing, speaking) and written (reading, writing) forms.
• 2. Linguistic components i.e. language and linguistic material which should be assimilated to be used in language skills.
• 3. Methodological component i.e. the techniques which pupils should acquire to learn the foreign language in a most effective way.

Principles of FLT

The methodology of FLT is based on fundamental principles of didactics:

- the principle of conscious approach;

- communicative approach;

- differentiated and integrated instruction;

- activity;- visuality;

- accessibility and durability;

- individualization;

- consecutiveness;

- systematicness;